immune review

After an initial infection, B-cells recognize the measles virus. How is this helpful in human immune response? 

• The B-cells use this recognition to defend the body against other pathogens, such as bacteria.
•  The B-cells more quickly recognize and respond to any other virus that invades the body.
• The B-cells produce antibodies more quickly if the measles virus is encountered again.
• The B-cells transfer this recognition to T-cells, which will then devour the viruses.

What is the body's first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms? 

• antibodies
• lymph nodes
• white blood cells
• the skin

What is immunity?

• The body's ability to produce cells that inactivate foreign cells or substances.
• The body's ability to regulate homeostasis through feedback loops. 
• The body's ability to produce the "fight or flight" response.
• The body's ability to use the endocrine system to fight disease.

What is the term for a strong response to a harmless antigen in the environment?

• cell-mediated immunity
• an allergy
• inflammatory response
• an autoimmune disease

Although vaccines cannot be used to treat a person who is sick, they can help to prevent infections. Vaccinations tell the body to create "memory cells", which will function later to create antibodies against certain pathogens. When a person is vaccinated, what are they injected with? 

• antibodies to a disease bacterium
• live, inactive viruses
• weakened viruses or antigens from the virus
• blood from a person who has had the disease

An activity that occurs in the human body is shown below.This activity helps to do which of the following?

• provide protection against pathogens
• produce antibiotics to control disease
• eliminate harmful gene alterations
• regulate production of ATP by the cell

How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics? 

• Neither responds to antibiotics.
• Both respond to antibiotics.
•  Viral diseases respond to antibiotics; bacterial diseases do not.
• Bacterial diseases respond to antibiotics; viral diseases do not.

Which is NOT considered FIRST line of defense?

• Helper T-Cells

• Skin

• Hair

• Mucous Membranes

What are the two types of immune systems?

• Acquired & Adaptive
• Innate & Acquired
• Innate & Autoimmune
• Red & White Blood Cells

The innate immune system is...

• Always working and doesn't require any special preparation

• Needs to be "primed" before it can work to its full effectiveness

• Very specific and only defends against a specific pathogen

• Not very effective at preventing intruders