Biotechnology in Genetic Engineering Quiz

What is the primary purpose of biotechnology in genetic engineering?

• To create immune systems for bacteria

• To manipulate biological processes to develop technologies

• To study the structure of DNA in detail

• To observe the behavior of plasmids in different environments

What are genes primarily composed of?

• Proteins

• RNA

• DNA

• Lipids

Which of the following are commonly used as vectors by genetic engineers?

• Bacteria and fungi

• Plasmids and viruses

• Enzymes and hormones

• Cells and tissues

What is recombinant DNA?

• DNA that replicates autonomously within bacterial cells

• DNA that is visible under a microscope

• DNA engineered from multiple sources

• DNA that can directly translate proteins

What is the role of marker genes in genetic engineering?

• To replicate DNA within cells

• To identify successful insertion of genetic sequences into cells

• To create a physical marker on the cell surface

• To enhance the genetic material's resistance to viruses

How do viruses reproduce?

• By undergoing mitosis within the host cell

• By injecting their genetic material into a host cell

• By absorbing nutrients from the host cell

• By exposing their genetic material to sunlight

What is the function of glycoproteins on the viral envelope?

• To provide energy for the virus

• To make the virus visible to the immune system

• To bind to receptor sites on host membranes

• To replicate the viral genetic material

What is the function of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?

• To create a genomic library

• To cut DNA into fragments at specific nucleotide sequences

• To seal DNA fragments together

• To alter the genetics of a cell

What type of DNA ends are created when both vector DNA and target DNA are cut with the same restriction enzyme?

• Blunt ends

• Cohesive ends

• Sticky ends

• Unpaired ends

What is required to join DNA fragments together in genetic engineering?

• Transformation

• Restriction enzymes

• DNA ligase

• Genomic library