CIVICS EOC PRACTICE TEST 3

Which Enlightenment thinker argued that all people were born equal and had natural rights to life, liberty, and property?

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

Use the quotation to answer the question: "No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, . . . or in any other way destroyed . . . except by the lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land." — excerpt from Magna Carta. Which statement best expresses how Magna Carta shaped the colonists' views of government?

• They supported three branches of government.

• They believed that citizens should be able to petition the government for changes in laws.

• They expected government to protect free speech and property rights.

• They believed leaders should obey the law and that citizens had a right to trial by jury.

Use the information in the box to answer the question. What is the correct sequence of events?

• 2, 1, 4, 3

• 4, 2, 3, 1

• 2, 3, 4, 1

• 1, 2, 4, 3

The Declaration of Independence lists a number of offenses committed by the British king against the American colonists. Which of the following offenses refers to a protection first established by Magna Carta?

• For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world

• For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent

• For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury

• For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offence

According to the Declaration of Independence, what is the main purpose of government?

• to provide for common defense and promote the general welfare

• to create a strong national government

• to protect the interests of the states

• to protect citizens’ rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Use the diagram to answer the question. Which term correctly completes the diagram?

• Magna Carta

• Mayflower Compact

• Articles of Confederation

• Bill of Rights

Use the quotation to answer the question: "We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity [future generations], do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America." What does the phrase "to ourselves and our Posterity" suggest about the Founding Fathers’ goals?

• They wanted to create a lasting government that future Americans would benefit from.

• They were willing to sacrifice their liberty for the benefit of their children.

• They aimed to create a strong government, independent of the will of the people.

• They wanted to create a social contract that future Americans could not break.

Use the diagram to answer the question.

• The Supreme Court can declare executive acts unconstitutional.

• The Supreme Court can appoint federal judges.

• The Supreme Court can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional.

• The Supreme Court can grant reprieves and pardons for federal crimes.

What did Federalists and Antifederalists disagree most strongly about?

• a strong national government

• creating a system of checks and balances

• protecting individual liberties

• increasing the power of the confederation

Where-ever law ends, tyranny begins. —John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, 1690 That in America THE LAW IS KING. For as in absolute governments the King is law, so in free countries the law ought to be King; and there ought to be no other. —Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776 Which conclusion about the rule of law is best supported by these quotations?

• The rule of law leads to tyranny.

• Freedom and the rule of law cannot exist together.

• People in positions of power must enact fair laws.

• The rule of law is necessary for limited government.