Globalization, Traditionalism, and Modernization

Who is the leader associated with the event outlined in the cartoon?

• Ayatollah Khomeini

• Slobodan Milosevic

• Augusto Pinochet

• Kemal Ataturk

What is the main idea of the cartoon?

• Iran continues to build its modern infrastructure.

• Iran is experiencing tensions between tradition and modernity.

• Extensive ballot choices have weakened democracy in Iran.

• Theocracy is the best form of government for Iran to adopt.

Based on this passage, what conclusion can be made regarding the tensions between tradition and modernity in Iran?

• Before the revolution, the Pahlavis encouraged people to stay within traditional Islamic norms.

• The new theocratic government encouraged modernity and the expansion of rights.

• Ayatollah Khomeini's revolutionaries favored a more traditional patriarchal society.

• After the revolution, movement toward modernity was hindered by limitations placed on males in Iranian society.

According to this article by Roff Smith, the goal of Atatürk's reforms was to:

• prevent the elimination of the civil service system

• implement a legal system based on religious teachings

• revive Turkey's interest in Ottoman-era customs

• modernize Turkey in the image of European nations

The phrases "deeply conservative population," "lengthy sentences of imprisonment," and "a few hangings" suggest that:

• Atatürk's reforms were eagerly embraced throughout Turkey.

• tensions existed between reformers and traditionalists in Turkey.

• the policy of westernization was abandoned by the Turkish government.

• most Turks preferred punishment to rapid change.

Which change resulted from Kemal Atatürk's actions described in this passage?

• adoption of anti-Semitism

• rejection of modernization

• westernization of Turkey

• promotion of Islamic traditions

Which claim is best supported by the evidence in this passage?

• Reforms were not universally accepted

• Freedom of dress was allowed in schools

• Respect was given to middle-class women

• Clothing styles were considered unimportant

Which issue is most closely associated with the concerns raised in this passage about the environmental impact of industrial meat production, deforestation, and the use of chemical fertilizers?

• drought

• climate change

• migration

• widespread famine

In which way have many countries joined together to address the problems described in this passage regarding environmental degradation due to agricultural practices?

• signing international environmental agreements

• supporting the exportation of surplus corn and soy

• genetically modifying crops to decrease production

• increasing the amount of land under cultivation

What is the cartoonist suggesting will result if delays in reaching an international agreement to control greenhouse gases continue?

• preservation of endangered species

• heightened threat for severe glacial melting and continental flooding

• reduction in the impact of climate change

• increased availability of fresh water supplies