Gene Mutations

What is a mutation in the context of genetics?

• A type of protein that helps in cell division

• A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene

• A process by which cells digest food

• A method cells use to communicate with each other

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

• Sickle cell trait providing resistance to malaria

• Cystic fibrosis

• Down syndrome

• Hemophilia

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How can a mutation in a gene affect the protein it encodes?

• It can change the shape of the protein

• It can increase the protein's production

• It can change the color of the protein

• It can make the protein glow

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the role of chromosomes in the context of genetics?

• They store and transmit genetic information

• They produce energy for cell activities

• They help in the digestion of food

• They regulate temperature in the body

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following mutations would most likely be neutral?

• A mutation that causes a drastic change in protein function

• A mutation that occurs in a non-coding region of DNA

• A mutation that prevents cells from producing a vital enzyme

• A mutation that leads to a hereditary disease

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Explain how a single point mutation can alter an entire protein.

• By changing one amino acid, which can affect the protein's folding and function

• By increasing the DNA's overall length

• By making the DNA more visible under a microscope

• By adding a new chromosome to the organism

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Why might a mutation on a sex chromosome have different effects than a mutation on an autosomal chromosome?

• Sex chromosome mutations affect only males or only females

• Sex chromosomes are not found in all species

• Autosomal chromosomes are only involved in non-sexual traits

• Sex chromosome mutations are always harmful

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Design an experiment to test the effect of a specific gene mutation on plant height.

• Grow plants with and without the mutation under the same conditions and measure their height

• Change the color of the light the plants are grown under

• Play different types of music to the plants

• Water the plants with different temperatures of water

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

How could a mutation that benefits an organism in one environment be harmful in another?

• The mutation causes the organism to require more water, which is scarce in the new environment

• The mutation makes the organism larger, which makes it easier for predators to see

• The mutation changes the organism's color, making it less attractive to mates

• All of the above

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What is the potential impact of a mutation that allows a bacterial strain to resist antibiotics?

• The strain could potentially cause an outbreak if not controlled

• The mutation would make the bacteria less harmful

• The mutation would make the bacteria glow

• The mutation would have no impact on the bacteria's health

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept