Evolution of Operations Management

What was a key characteristic of the Scientific Management Era in early 20th century production?

• Decentralized production in homes

• Emphasis on mass production

• Shift towards efficiency and structured processes

• Focus on service-based operations

Answer explanation

The key characteristic of the Scientific Management Era was the shift towards efficiency and structured processes, focusing on optimizing production methods.

During which century did operations begin to significantly evolve, leading to decentralized production?

• 17th century

• 18th century

• 19th century

• 20th century

Answer explanation

During the 18th century, operations began to significantly evolve, leading to decentralized production.

What does the term "operations" encompass in the contemporary definition?

• Only the manufacturing processes

• Activities involved in creating goods and services

• Historical perspectives of production

• The advent of scientific management

Answer explanation

Activities involved in creating goods and services encompass the term 'operations' in the contemporary definition.

Which era is marked by the zenith of large-scale manufacturing processes?

• Scientific Management Era

• Industrial Revolution

• Mass Production and Factory Culture

• Contemporary Era

Answer explanation

The era marked by the zenith of large-scale manufacturing processes is Mass Production and Factory Culture.

Which century did the first Industrial Revolution occur?

• 16th century

• 17th century

• 18th century

• 19th century

Answer explanation

The first Industrial Revolution occurred in the 18th century, making the correct answer choice 18th century.

What characterizes the third Industrial Revolution?

• Mass production and assembly lines

• Steam engines and mechanization

• Software, robotics, and new technologies

• Hand production methods

Answer explanation

The third Industrial Revolution is characterized by the introduction of software, robotics, and new technologies, marking a shift towards automation and digitalization.

What is a key feature of the current phase of transformations in operations?

• Decreased reliance on technology

• Heavy reliance on manual labor

• Heavy reliance on technology

• Focus on traditional methods

Answer explanation

The key feature of the current phase of transformations in operations is heavy reliance on technology.

What does the ongoing operational paradigm shift emphasize?

• Decreased automation

• Increased manual processes

• Emphasis on automation and technology-driven processes

• Return to pre-industrial techniques

Answer explanation

The ongoing operational paradigm shift emphasizes automation and technology-driven processes, not decreased automation, increased manual processes, or a return to pre-industrial techniques.

What are the four ways in which production adds value to products or services according to the slide?

• Creating, managing, enhancing, transferring

• Making available, transferring ownership, enhancing form, right timing

• Making available, transferring ownership, enhancing form, right place

• Designing, producing, selling, marketing

Answer explanation

The correct answer is making available, transferring ownership, enhancing form, right place as the four ways in which production adds value to products or services.

What is the primary responsibility of production managers as mentioned in the slide?

• To diversify production approaches

• To ensure effective use of resources

• To oversee the entire business operations

• To ensure the production process adds value effectively

Answer explanation

To ensure the production process adds value effectively