ideology

1,One of the characteristics of modernist philosophy is:

• a) Belief in universal truths

•   b) Emphasis on the relativity of language and culture

• c) Emphasis on the existence and experience of the individual

• d) Skepticism of the objectivity of the real world

2,Characteristics of postmodernist philosophy include:

• a) Emphasis on individual responsibility and freedom

•  b) Skepticism of universal truths

• c) Emphasis on the importance of grand narratives and absolute truths

• d) Concern with the influence of language, power, and culture

3, Relativist philosophy emphasizes:

• a) The existence of absolute truths

• b) The fixity of language and culture

• c) That truth and values vary from person to person

•  d) The universality of natural laws

4,One of the core features of metamodernist philosophy is:

• a) A return to traditional philosophical systems

• b) Concern with language, power, and culture

•  c) Firm belief in universal truths

• d) Emphasis on experience and intuition

5,Which movement in philosophy emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, challenging traditional beliefs and emphasizing the importance of subjective experience and individual perception?

• A) Romanticism

• B) Realism

•  C) Modernism

• D) Classicism

6 Which of the following best encapsulates a central tenet of modernist philosophy?

• a) Embrace of tradition and adherence to established norms.

• b) Belief in the inherent goodness and perfectibility of human nature.

• c) Assertion of individual autonomy and the quest for personal authenticity.

• d)Advocacy for hierarchical social structures and unquestioned authority.

7.What defining characteristic distinguishes postmodern philosophy from its modernist predecessor?

• A) Emphasis on universal truths and objective reality.

• B) Celebration of grand narratives and overarching ideologies.

• C) Rejection of meta-narratives and skepticism towards absolute truths.

•  D) Adherence to strict structural frameworks and hierarchical systems.

8, What fundamental principle underpins relativist philosophy?

• a) Absolute adherence to objective truths and universal values

• b) Rejection of subjective perspectives and individual interpretations.

• c) Assertion of the existence of a single, unchanging reality.

• d) Recognition of the contextual nature of truth and morality.

9,Which of the following core elements does a political ideology usually include?

• A) Values, beliefs and principles

• B) Social norms and codes of conduct

• C) Artistic and cultural creativity

• D)Scientific and technological progress。

10,Which of the following is not typical of religious ideology?

• A) Belief in and worship of God

• B) Interpretation of moral and ethical norms

• C) Critical analysis of government and law

• D) Beliefs about life, death and the afterlife。