Chemistry of Life

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for many cellular reactions?

• Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

• Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions.

• The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing.

• The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

Which of the following types of molecules are primarily used for long-term energy storage in the lemur?

• lipids

• monosaccharides

• nucleic acids

• proteins

In the human body, fibrinogen is necessary for sealing cuts and stopping the loss of blood. Since fibrinogen is made of chains of amino acids, it is an example of which type of organic molecule?

• carbohydrate

• protein

• fatty acid

• nucleic acid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A scientist is analyzing a sample of tissue from a plant. Which of the following elements will be most abundant in the sample?

• zinc and copper

• sodium and chlorine

• carbon and hydrogen

• magnesium and calcium

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Baby food manufacturers sometimes use proteases in their products. What role do proteases play in these foods?

• They increase the nutritional value of the food.

• They catalyze the breakdown of proteins, making digestion easier.

• They act as preservatives to extend the shelf life of the food.

• They enhance the flavor of the food.

Proteases are a type of which of the following molecules?

• Enzymes

• Fatty acids

• Hormones

• Monosaccharides

Ovalbumin, found in eggs, is best described as which of the following?

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which element is found at the positions marked by the dots in the molecule?

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

• Phosphorus

• Sulfur

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

How are the enzymes in bacteria that live in hot springs most likely affected at a temperature of 50°C?

• The enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes.

• The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart.

• The enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70°C.

• The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70°C.

When searching for possible life on other planets, scientists are likely to focus on the presence of molecules containing which element?

• Carbon

• Iron

• Potassium

• Sodium

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6