Massive Biology EOC Review

Which statement correctly compares a function of fats to a function of proteins in the body?

• Fats cushion the organs, and proteins insulate the body.

• Fats insulate the body, and proteins control contraction.

• Fats store energy, and proteins provide the primary fuel for respiration.

• Fats coordinate body activities, and proteins provide monosaccharides.

Which step in the process of photosynthesis is dependent on light energy?

• splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen

• combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water

• splitting carbon dioxide into carbon and oxygen

• combining carbon and oxygen into carbon dioxide

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Which statement is true about cellular respiration? This item requires students to understand the process of cellular respiration in which chemical energy stored in food is converted to chemical energy stored in ATP. Glucose is broken down in multiple steps, starting with the process of glycolysis, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is produced, providing storage of the energy that can be used by the cell.

• A. It produces glucose, which provides energy for the cell.

• B. It produces ATP, which stores energy that is used by the cell.

• C. It produces carbon dioxide, which combines with hydrogen to form sugar.

• D. It produces oxygen, which combines with hydrogen to prevent cell poisoning.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The pedigree below shows the occurrence of tongue rolling in three generations of a family (T = the ability to roll the tongue; t = the inability to roll the tongue): What are the most likely genotypes of the parents in the second (II) generation?

• mother tt, father Tt

• mother tt, father TT

• mother Tt, father tt

• mother TT, father tt

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Genetic equilibrium exists in a population that is stable. Which conditions would support genetic equilibrium within a species?

• A. frequent mutations

• B. random mating

• C. small number of individuals

• D. migration into the population

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-2

One current theory suggests that modern land plants evolved from green algae. Which piece of evidence supports this theory?

• Land plants and green algae carry out cellular respiration.

• Land plants and green algae carry out asexual and sexual reproduction.

• Land plants and green algae are made up of cells containing similar cell structures.

• Land plants and green algae contain chlorophyll made up of similar sequences of amino acids.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Refer to the diagram titled "Cell Membrane Permeability at Various Temperatures". Which statement best summarizes the resulting data?

• Carbon dioxide movement across the membrane decreased as the permeability of the membrane increased.

• The permeability of the membrane decreased when heated, allowing more carbon dioxide to pass through the membrane.

• The rate of photosynthesis increased because more carbon dioxide passed through the membrane at higher temperatures.

• As temperature increased, the movement of carbon dioxide across the membrane increased slightly until it reached a maximum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

A student used the graph below and information from the passage to answer a question about life on Earth. Which question was the student most likely attempting to answer?

• A. Why is carbon the backbone of many molecules in bacterial and mammalian cells?

• B. How do elements found throughout the universe become a part of bacterial and mammalian cells?

• C. Which element is essential to both bacteria and mammals but is relatively limited in the universe?

• D. Which compound is found in the atmosphere of all planets and within the membrane of bacterial cells?

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

A group of scientists wanted to test whether or not the breathing rate of fish was affected by the temperature of the water. The data they collected is shown in the table below. What is the dependent variable in the data table?

• temperature
• breathing rate
• fish type
• amount of water

14. A student sets up an experiment with two plants that are each exactly five inches tall. One is given fertilizer and the other is not. After 4 weeks their height is measured again. What is wrong with this experiment?

• Plants naturally grow at different rates. More trials need to be done.
• Plants grow slowly. The time frame is too short.
• There is no control for this experiment.
• The plants need to be taller to get accurate measurements.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1