Ethical Standards in Psychological Research

What is the primary focus of the Belmont Report?

• To describe the process of classical conditioning

• To provide ethical guidelines for human research

• To explain the bystander effect

• To outline the history of psychological experiments

Which principle of the Belmont Report ensures that subjects give informed consent?

• Confidentiality

• Respect for persons

• Justice

• Beneficence

Which of the following is NOT one of the three key ethical principles of the Belmont Report?

• Justice

• Respect for persons

• Beneficence

• Confidentiality

What was the main ethical issue with John Watson's experiment on Baby Albert?

• Lack of informed consent

• Use of multiple subjects

• Positive feedback given to the subject

• Reconditioning the subject

Why is the Monster Study considered unethical?

• It caused long-term harm to children

• It used positive feedback only

• It involved adults without consent

• It was conducted in a university setting

What was the main finding of the Milgram Experiment?

• People resist authority figures in all circumstances

• Subjects always refuse to administer shocks

• Authority figures have no impact on subjects' actions

• Subjects will obey authority figures even in morally questionable situations

What does the Bystander Effect study by Darley and Latané demonstrate?

• People are more likely to help in a crisis when alone

• People never help in a crisis

• People always help in a crisis regardless of others

• People are less likely to help when they believe others can intervene

What was a major flaw in the design of the Stanford Prison Experiment?

• It used only female subjects

• The roles of guards and prisoners were not clearly defined

• Zimbardo acted as the prison superintendent

• It lasted for only one day

What was the outcome for the prisoners in the Stanford Prison Experiment?

• They were given positive feedback

• They were unaffected by the experiment

• They became submissive

• They became more aggressive

Why is it important to have ethical standards in psychological research?

• To ensure the research is published

• To protect the wellbeing of research subjects

• To increase the number of experiments conducted

• To make the research more interesting