Nutrition

is the provision of needed energy and essential constituents that cannot be synthesized de novo.

(a)  

measured by comparing the proportions of essential amino acids in a food with production required for the good nutrition

• Nutrient density
• Amino acid score
• Protein quality
• Caloric value

energy derived from carbohydrates and fats affects protein requirements because it spares the use of proteins as energy source.

• Energy Intake

• Physical Activity

• Protein Quality

increases nitrogen retention from dietary protein.

• Energy Intake

• Physical Activity

• Protein Quality

generalized wasting due to deficiency of both energy and protein

• Marasmus

• Kwashiorkor

characterized by edema due to deficiency of both quantity and quality of protein although energy intake may be adequate

• Marasmus

• Kwashiorkor

glucose is needed by tissues, but does not have to be provided as such in diet, since other dietary carbohydrates are readily converted to glucose.

• Carbohydrates requirements

• Fiber requirements

• Lipid requirements

denotes all plant cell wall components that cannot be digested by animal’s own enzymes.

• Carbohydrates requirements

• Fiber requirements

• Lipid requirements

supplies the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that the body cannot synthesize

• Carbohydrates requirements

• Fiber requirements

• Lipid requirements

organic nutrients which are required in small quantities for normal metabolism and which cannot be synthesized by the body in adequate amounts.

• Macroelements
• Megaelements
• Minerals
• vitamin requirements