Science Finals

Joseph is the pitcher for his baseball team, the Wildcats. Which of the following best describes what happens to the ball right after Joseph throws a pitch?

• Kinetic energy is transferred from the ball to the air.

• Potential energy is transferred from the ball to the air.

• Kinetic energy is transferred from Javier's arm to the ball.

• Potential energy is transferred from Javier's arm to the ball.

Which of the scenarios best models the conversion of kinetic energy into thermal energy?

• Emma warms her hands by placing them near a light bulb.

• Oliver warms his hands by wearing gloves.

• Anika warms her hands by placing them by a fire.

• Emma and Oliver warm their hands by rubbing them together.

Ian is on a rollercoaster. Where is potential energy the greatest?

• Location A

• Location B

• Location C

• Locations A and C

You drop three different balls from your second-floor deck to the ground. The mass of the balls is shown. Which ball will experience the greatest change in kinetic energy from the deck to the ground?

• baseball

• golf ball

• tennis ball

• They will all have the same kinetic energy because the height is the same.

The diagram represents the reaction of methane with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water. The chemical reaction shown above takes place in a closed system. What is true about the system while the reaction occurs?

• The total number of particles in the system decreases.

• The total number of particles in the system increases.

• The total mass of the particles in the system increases.

• The total mass of the particles in the system stays the same.

Julia woke up this morning and cooked an egg with grated cheese and toast for breakfast. She looked out the window and noticed that it was foggy. She rode to school in a bus fueled by natural gas. The bus had a rough floor so the students would not slip. During classes, she wrote on paper with a pen. For lunch, she had a sandwich and a red apple. The digestion of her lunch gave her energy to keep warm and move from place to place. Which of these choices are chemical changes that Julia experienced?

• rough texture of floor, red color of apple

• digestion of food, burning of natural gas

• grating cheese, water condensing into fog

• writing on paper, looking out the window

Priya and Aria are studying different types of mixtures in their science class. They have a sample of salt water, which contains dissolved mineral salt, but the water is clear. Which term best describes salt water?

• suspension

• pure substance

• heterogeneous mixture

• homogenous solution

A student adds 5 grams of calcium chloride to 20 milliliters of water and observes a chemical reaction. If the reaction is exothermic (releases thermal energy), what will happen?

• The temperature of the liquid will stay the same.

• The volume of the liquid will decrease.

• The mass of the liquid will decrease.

• The temperature of the liquid will increase.

Scientists are able to make many useful products from natural resources. These natural resources are allowed to go through a chemical process resulting in new materials being formed. Rubber is an example. It comes from a liquid that is tapped from trees. Acid is added to the liquid to make rubber. The rubber is then used to make boots, tires, and waterproof fabrics. When natural resources undergo a chemical process that result in a new product, it is known as a(n)

• natural fibers

• physical change

• pure substance

• synthetic material

Ron drew this picture to illustrate photosynthesis. Which answer below properly describes the picture?

• sunlight, oxygen, water, glucose, carbon dioxide

• sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, glucose, oxygen

• sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, oxygen, glucose

• carbon dioxide, sunlight, glucose, water, oxygen