Fina, Review

In horses, tan hair (H) is dominant over white hair (h). If a horse has white hair, which of the following alleles must it have?

• HH

• Hh

• hh

• HH or Hh

Casey and Kyle are siblings, but Casey looks like her father, while Kyle looks like his mother. Which of the following statements BEST explains the difference in Casey and Kyle’s features?

• Casey inherited a greater number of chromosomes from her father than Kyle did.

• Casey inherited a smaller number of X chromosomes from her mother than Kyle did.

• Casey and Kyle had different mutations occur in the 46 chromosomes they inherited from their mother and father.

• Casey and Kyle inherited different combinations of 23 chromosomes from their mother and 23 from their father.

What is one distinct DISADVANTAGE of sexual reproduction?

• Organisms that sexually reproduce do not produce much genetic variety.

• Sexual reproduction, unlike asexual reproduction, can rapidly produce too many new offspring.

• Sexual reproduction requires two individuals, which may be difficult for endangered or uncommon species of organisms.

• Sexual reproduction produces offspring that are all equally vulnerable to the same diseases, predators, and other environmental pressures.

In pea plants, the allele B produces purple flowers, and the allele b produces white flowers. The B allele is dominant to the b allele. A pea plant that is heterozygous is crossed with a homozygous recessive pea plant. What percent of the offspring are expected to have purple flowers?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

Bacteria can reproduce quickly by means of binary fission. Because of this, after binary fission____.

• The offspring will have traits of both parents.

• There is genetic variation among the offspring.

• All of the offspring will be genetically identical.

• None of the offspring will be genetically like the parents.

According to Mendel's law of dominance, which statement best describes the result of a cross between parents with genotypes Rr and Rr?

• Only RR offspring will have red flowers.

• Only Rr offspring will have red flowers.

• All offspring with at least one R will have red flowers.

• Because of the law of dominance, all offspring will have red flowers.

In pigs, black coat is dominant over white coat. A homozygous black pig is mated with a white pig. Which of the following statements are true?

• 25% of the offspring will be black.

• 25% of the offspring will be white.

• 100% of the offspring will be black.

• 100% of the offspring will be white.

Consider a cross between two individuals whose genotypes for two different traits are AaBb and AaBb. Predict the phenotypic ratio of this cross.

• 1:1:1:1

• 3:1:3:1

• 1:3:3:1

• 9:3:3:1

Which of the following is an example of a phenotype?

• brown hair

• homozygous recessive

• Bb

• heterozygous (Hh)

Which of the following statements is NOT true and is NOT supported by one of Mendel’s laws of inheritance?

• The dominant allele will always express itself over a recessive allele.

• When chromosomes separate in meiosis, each gamete (egg or sperm) will receive only one chromosome from each pair.

• During meiosis, a parent cell divides twice producing two daughter cells.

• The inheritance of one trait does not affect the inheritance of another trait.