Ch9 - DNA Structure & Replication

In 1869, _____ first isolated the DNA molecule and named it 'nuclein.'

• Avery, MacLeod, & McCarty

• Franklin

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Miescher

In 1944, _____ showed that DNA was a transforming factor with an experiment using mice and two strains of a disease.

• Avery, MacLeod, & McCarty

• Franklin

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Miescher

In 1950, _____ conducted a 'blender' experiment, mixing bacteriophages with tagged proteins and DNA to see which molecule would be inserted into bacterial cells. This experiment showed that DNA (not protein) is the genetic molecule.

• Avery, MacLeod, & McCarty

• Franklin

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Miescher

In 1952, _____ discovered DNA was in the shape of a double helix using a technique called X-ray diffraction to take the famous photo 51.

• Avery, MacLeod, & McCarty

• Franklin

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Miescher

In 1953, _____ used the data of colleagues and other scientists to create the first 3D model of DNA as a double helix, which allowed for the discovery of how DNA was able to replicate itself.

• Avery, MacLeod, & McCarty

• Franklin

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Miescher

What does Chargaff's Rule say?

• DNA is made of repeating subunits called nucleotides.

• There are equal amounts of deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases.

• There are equal amounts of purines and pyrimidines.

• DNA must be a polar molecule in order for it twist enough to fit into the nucleus of a cell.

Define 'nucleosome.'

• The strands run in opposite directions to each other.

• The bases always match up/bond with the same bases.

• During replication, each original parent DNA strand is used as a template to create a new DNA strand. This results in 2 new DNA molecules, each made of 1 new & 1 original strand.

• When DNA is extremely tightly coiled and twisted around certain protiens called histones.

Define 'complementary.'

• The strands run in opposite directions to each other.

• The bases always match up/bond with the same bases.

• During replication, each original parent DNA strand is used as a template to create a new DNA strand. This results in 2 new DNA molecules, each made of 1 new & 1 original strand.

• When DNA is extremely tightly coiled and twisted around certain protiens called histones.

Define 'antiparallel.'

• The strands run in opposite directions to each other.

• The bases always match up/bond with the same bases.

• During replication, each original parent DNA strand is used as a template to create a new DNA strand. This results in 2 new DNA molecules, each made of 1 new & 1 original strand.

• When DNA is extremely tightly coiled and twisted around certain protiens called histones.

Define 'semiconservative.'

• The strands run in opposite directions to each other.

• The bases always match up/bond with the same bases.

• During replication, each original parent DNA strand is used as a template to create a new DNA strand. This results in 2 new DNA molecules, each made of 1 new & 1 original strand.

• When DNA is extremely tightly coiled and twisted around certain protiens called histones.