11_B.Inggris_PAT_23-24

Running is the most basic of sports that involves the lower limbs and movement in a reasonably straight line. Because of the high knee lift in sprinting, the injury patterns in sprinting are different from those in long distance running.

Many distance runners complain of low back pain because of the stiff upright styles used in the long distance running. This can be eased with number extension exercises and hip flexion. Runner's knee is particularly common in the slower distance runner who may benefit from increasing his or her speed and exercising the inner quadriceps muscles better.
Shin splits and lower limb stress fractures may be associated with poor biomechanics. It can often be corrected by a change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics. Variations on these may help ease many of the causes of foot pain that are found in distance runners.

In sprinting, the runner must come out of the start block. In doing thus, he or she must rotate the legs and use adductor strength. This frequently leads to adductor pulls although ut is in full flight that hamstring and quadriceps tears usually occur, especially if there is a tight bend.

A flexibility routine built into a training schedule may help prevent many of these injuries and competition should not be allowed until the sprinter is fluent in his or her stride and pain-free.

Which of these statements has a similar meaning to this sentence?

"Because of the high knee lift in sprinting, the injury patterns in sprinting are different to those found in long distance running."

• Different types of running have different types of injuries.

• The injuries found in sprinting are caused by the high knee lift.

• Injuries found in long distance running can also be found in sprinting due to the high knee lift in sprinting.

• Sprinting injuries are different to long distance injuries because in sprinting tha athlete must lift his or her knees high.
  
  

• Injuries are found in many sports.

Running is the most basic of sports that involves the lower limbs and movement in a reasonably straight line. Because of the high knee lift in sprinting, the injury patterns in sprinting are different from those in long distance running.

Many distance runners complain of low back pain because of the stiff upright styles used in the long distance running. This can be eased with number extension exercises and hip flexion. Runner's knee is particularly common in the slower distance runner who may benefit from increasing his or her speed and exercising the inner quadriceps muscles better.
Shin splits and lower limb stress fractures may be associated with poor biomechanics. It can often be corrected by a change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics. Variations on these may help ease many of the causes of foot pain that are found in distance runners.

In sprinting, the runner must come out of the start block. In doing thus, he or she must rotate the legs and use adductor strength. This frequently leads to adductor pulls although ut is in full flight that hamstring and quadriceps tears usually occur, especially if there is a tight bend.

A flexibility routine built into a training schedule may help prevent many of these injuries and competition should not be allowed until the sprinter is fluent in his or her stride and pain-free.

What involves in running?

• The high knee lift

• The stiff upright styles

• The rotation of the legs and the use of adductor strength

• The lower limbs and the movement in a reasonably straight line

• The injuries found in sprinting are caused by the high knee lift.

Running is the most basic of sports that involves the lower limbs and movement in a reasonably straight line. Because of the high knee lift in sprinting, the injury patterns in sprinting are different from those in long distance running.

Many distance runners complain of low back pain because of the stiff upright styles used in the long distance running. This can be eased with number extension exercises and hip flexion. Runner's knee is particularly common in the slower distance runner who may benefit from increasing his or her speed and exercising the inner quadriceps muscles better.
Shin splits and lower limb stress fractures may be associated with poor biomechanics. It can often be corrected by a change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics. Variations on these may help ease many of the causes of foot pain that are found in distance runners.

In sprinting, the runner must come out of the start block. In doing thus, he or she must rotate the legs and use adductor strength. This frequently leads to adductor pulls although ut is in full flight that hamstring and quadriceps tears usually occur, especially if there is a tight bend.

A flexibility routine built into a training schedule may help prevent many of these injuries and competition should not be allowed until the sprinter is fluent in his or her stride and pain-free.

What can correct poor foot biomechanics?

• A flexibility routine in a training schedule.

• Exercising the inner quadriceps muscles.

• Lumbar extension exercises and hip flexion.

• A change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics.

• Sprinting and long distance running.

Running is the most basic of sports that involves the lower limbs and movement in a reasonably straight line. Because of the high knee lift in sprinting, the injury patterns in sprinting are different from those in long distance running.

Many distance runners complain of low back pain because of the stiff upright styles used in the long distance running. This can be eased with number extension exercises and hip flexion. Runner's knee is particularly common in the slower distance runner who may benefit from increasing his or her speed and exercising the inner quadriceps muscles better.
Shin splits and lower limb stress fractures may be associated with poor biomechanics. It can often be corrected by a change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics. Variations on these may help ease many of the causes of foot pain that are found in distance runners.

In sprinting, the runner must come out of the start block. In doing thus, he or she must rotate the legs and use adductor strength. This frequently leads to adductor pulls although ut is in full flight that hamstring and quadriceps tears usually occur, especially if there is a tight bend.

A flexibility routine built into a training schedule may help prevent many of these injuries and competition should not be allowed until the sprinter is fluent in his or her stride and pain-free.

One way to prevent injuries in sprinting is ...

• Increasing speed while running

• A flexibility routine in a training schedule

• Exercising the inner quadriceps muscles

• A change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics

• The stiff upright styles

Running is the most basic of sports that involves the lower limbs and movement in a reasonably straight line. Because of the high knee lift in sprinting, the injury patterns in sprinting are different from those in long distance running.

Many distance runners complain of low back pain because of the stiff upright styles used in the long distance running. This can be eased with number extension exercises and hip flexion. Runner's knee is particularly common in the slower distance runner who may benefit from increasing his or her speed and exercising the inner quadriceps muscles better.
Shin splits and lower limb stress fractures may be associated with poor biomechanics. It can often be corrected by a change in shoes or the insertion of orthotics. Variations on these may help ease many of the causes of foot pain that are found in distance runners.

In sprinting, the runner must come out of the start block. In doing thus, he or she must rotate the legs and use adductor strength. This frequently leads to adductor pulls although ut is in full flight that hamstring and quadriceps tears usually occur, especially if there is a tight bend.

A flexibility routine built into a training schedule may help prevent many of these injuries and competition should not be allowed until the sprinter is fluent in his or her stride and pain-free.

What is this passage about?

• How to deal with injuries in running

• Sprinting and long distance running

• Injuries by sprinting and long distance running

• Athletes should use appropriate shoes in running to avoid injuries

• The injuries found in sprinting are caused by high knee lift.
  
  

Fikri: The river is very dirty. People shouldn't have thrown household rubbish into the river.

Ahmad: That's exactly what I think.

From the dialogue above, we know that...

• Ahmad disagrees with Fikri's opinion.

• Fikri thinks exactly the same way.

• Waste material has not been collected.

• People polluted the river with rubbish.

• Fikri warned people not to throw rubbish.

E: Do you think that monetary crisis will soon come to an end?

F: ........... this condition won't be back to normal within one or two years.

• I am fed up with the news.

• I am sorry to hear that.

• It would be agreeable.

• It is not my business.

• It is very unlikely.

Manager: Jimmy, .......take this note to the accounting department?

Jimmy: Yes, certainly.

• Could you please

• May I tell you to
  

• Should I ask you

• Can you ask I

• Is it possible for you to
  

Policeman: Your truck causes too much pollution.

Driver: Oh, .....Officer.

Policeman: Please, consult a mechanic about it.

Driver: Yes, I will.

• Why not

• I'm sorry

• How come

• Congratulation

• Don't mention it.

Ria: It's breaktime. ................. a cup of tea?

Denny: That would be very nice of you.

• Shall I have

• May you get me

• May I offer help to get

• Could you help me to get

• Would you like me to get you