Unit 4: Biotechnology 4-5

What does DNA sequencing involve?

• Determining the age of an individual

• Determining the precise sequence of the individual nucleotides of an individual

• Identifying the physical appearance of an individual

• Mapping the physical location of genes on chromosomes

What is one application of DNA sequencing?

• Determining blood type

• Measuring enzyme activity

• Identifying random mutations associated with genetic disease

• Calculating body mass index

What major project utilized DNA sequencing?

• Large Hadron Collider

• Apollo Moon Landing

• Human Genome Project

• Manhattan Project

What can gel electrophoresis be used to determine?

• The age of fossils

• The individual nucleotides in sequence for a section of DNA

• The speed of a chemical reaction

• The pH level of a solution

What was the first DNA sequencing method to be automated?

• Sanger sequencing method

• Next-generation sequencing

• Shotgun sequencing

• Maxam-Gilbert sequencing

What is used in the Sanger sequencing method to replicate the DNA sequence of interest?

• Antibodies, antigens, and vaccines

• Lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins

• Enzymes, ribosomes, and amino acids

• Primers, polymerases, terminating nucleotides, and fluorescent nucleotides

What is the final step in the Sanger sequencing method?

• The DNA is cut into fragments

• The DNA is cloned into bacteria

• The gel is analysed and the DNA sequence is determined

• The DNA is heated to separate strands

What is DNA profiling also known as?

• Cloning

• Fingerprinting

• PCR

• Gene editing

What is one of the genetic biotechnology techniques studied?

• DNA profiling

• CRISPR

• Gene therapy

• Stem cell research

What is the purpose of using gel electrophoresis in DNA sequencing?

• To separate DNA fragments

• To clone DNA

• To amplify DNA

• To cut DNA