BJU Chemistry Chapter 8 Review

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

• amphoteric substance

• poor proton acceptors

• acid-ionization constant

• can act as both a Brønsted-Lowry acid and a Brønsted-Lowry base

• strong acid

• do not dissociate completely into ions because only a portion of their molecules loses protons

• weak base

• give up protons easily and ionize completely

• weak acid

• the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

• base-ionization constant

• 1. the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of a base

• strong base

• the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an acid

• buffer

• substances whose colors are sensitive to pH

• acid-base indicator

• accept protons readily

• base-ionization constant

• 1. solutions that resist pH changes when acids or bases are added

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

• acid that can donate three protons per molecule

• acid-base titration

• controlled neutralization reactions

• polyprotic acid

• point in a titration where the amount of titrant added is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of analyte present

• monoprotic acid

• acid that can donate one proton per molecule

• equivalence point

• an acid that can donate more than one proton

• triprotic acid

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

• transition interval

• an acid that can donate two protons

• Salt

• the point at which some change in a property of the solution is detected

• end point

• 1. a substance formed when the anion of an acid and the cation of a base

  combine

• diprotic acid

• a range of pH values over which the color change occurs

Match the following models with their correct descriptions:

Groups:

(a) Arrhenius Model

,

(b) Brønsted-Lowry model

,

(c) Lewis model

• acids: donate protons (a process called deprotonation)

• 1. acids: release hydrogen ion

• bases: release hydroxide ions

• 1. bases: donate a pair of electrons

• acids: accept a pair of electro

• bases: accept protons (a process called protonation)

List the properties of acids and bases.

A ___________________ _____________ is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

• neutralization reaction
• salt production
• water formation
• acid-base reaction

List the factors that determine acid-base strength.

Discuss the two different methods for measuring pH.

Explain what a buffer is and how it works.