AS PSYCH - COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT P2

Who believed that children and adults construct their understanding of the world through active engagement, trying out actions and seeing what effect they have?

• Piaget

• Vygotsky

• Baillargeon

A ______ is a bundle of created knowledge or mental ideas about an object, action or situation.

What process involves changing and updating a scheme in the light of a new experience, to add new information into a schema

• ASSIMILATION

• ACCOMMODATION

______________ is a state of stability and balance when existing schemas can deal with new information through assimilation

Piaget's explanation is seen as a progressive reorganisation of mental experiences as a rseult of biological maturation and environmental experiences.

• TRUE

• FALSE

In which stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory do children begin to understand the concept of object permanence?

• Sensorimotor stage (0-2)

• Preoperational stage (2-7)

• Concrete operational stage (7-11)

• Formal operational stage (11+)

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the preoperational stage according to Piaget?

• Logical thinking about concrete events

• Ability to perform hypothetical and deductive reasoning

• Development of egocentrism and symbolic play

• Mastery of conservation tasks

Supporting Evidence: What was Piaget & Inhelder's (1967) findings about children below the age of 7 in their THREE MOUNTAINS TASK study?

• Children under 7 generally lack the ability to see things from perspectives other than their own by not being able to explain other viewpoints, demonstrating egocentrism.

• Children under 7 can easily understand complex abstract concepts, showing advanced cognitive development.

• Found that children are born with an inherent understanding of conservation and do not need to learn it through stages.

• Children's ability to take another person's perspective is fully developed by the age of three, indicating early maturity in cognitive skills.

What other abilities do children in the PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE lack?

• Lack of object permanence

• Reversibility

• Decentration

• Conservation

• Animism

_____ _________ is the ability to work out how categories of objects relate to one another AND how to classify objects into two or more categories simultaeneously. This is achieved during the CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE.