Ecology Unit Review

Which best describes the MOST LIKELY effect on the Phytoplankton’s biomass if more Plankton moved into the ocean ecosystem?

• The biomass would be higher because there would be fewer phytoplankton to store energy.

• Biomass would be higher because there would be less energy lost as heat from the phytoplankton.

• The Biomass would be lower for the phytoplankton since there are more consumers now.

• Biomass would be lower because there would be more energy lost as heat from the phytoplankton.

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Which best explains why less energy is passed from one trophic level to the next?

• Energy is stored in the decomposers

• Energy is lost as heat during metabolic processes

• Tertiary consumers use up all the energy

• All the energy is used by the primary consumers

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Which energy pyramid representing a small aquatic ecosystem shows the appropriate available biomass energy storage and transfer efficiency for each level?

• 
• 
• 
• 

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Approximately how much energy would secondary consumers receive if producers in an ecosystem stored 10,000 kcal energy as biomass?

• 1 kcal

• 10 kcal

• 100 kcal

• 1,000 kcal

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What percentage of producers' energy do tertiary consumers receive? (producers start with 100%)

• 0.01%

• 0.1%

• 1%

• 10%

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Which statement BEST compares how matter and energy move among organisms in the food chain?

• Matter cycles among organisms and energy flows among organisms in the system, and both matter and energy are conserved.

• Matter and energy both flow among all organisms in the system, but only energy is conserved.

• Matter and energy both cycle among all organisms in the system, and both matter and energy are conserved.

• Matter flows among organisms and energy cycles among organisms in the system, but only matter is conserved.

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Biomass can describe the total mass of organisms in a given trophic level. A general biomass pyramid and freshwater food chain is shown. Which statement correctly describes the energy level of the group of organisms?

• Aquatic plants are producers that receive the smallest amount of energy in the pyramid.

• Aquatic plants are tertiary consumers that receive the largest amount of energy in the pyramid.

• Largemouth bass fish are producers that receive the largest amount of energy in the pyramid.

• Largemouth bass fish are tertiary consumers that receive the smallest amount of energy in the pyramid.

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If the desert ecosystem of this food chain experiences a prolonged drought where many of the plants die, which BEST predicts the effect on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem?

• The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will increase because there will be more space available for organisms.

• The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will decrease because there will be less food available for organisms.

• The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will remain the same because the number of organisms will not change.

• The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will increase because the organisms will adapt to the new conditions.

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If all the red-tailed hawks, coyotes, and rattlesnakes are removed from the ecosystem, which BEST predicts the effect on the population of desert cottontails?

• The cottontail population will experience unlimited growth without predators to control their populations.

• The cottontail population will experience rapid growth without predators but will eventually stabilize due to a lack of resources.

• The cottontail population will experience growth due to an increase in resources but will eventually stabilize due to increased competition.

• The cottontail population will experience rapid growth due to a lack of competition for resources.

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Which BEST describes how limiting factors affect all of the species in this ecosystem?

• The species are all affected by the same limiting factors because they live in the same ecosystem.

• All of the consumer species are affected by the same limiting factors because they have the same diet.

• The species are affected by different limiting factors because they have different roles within the ecosystem.

• No species in the ecosystem are affected by the same limiting factors because they all have different needs.

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