Coastal Environment

What is coastal erosion?

• Coastal erosion is the process of the land along the coast being worn away by the action of the sea.

• Coastal erosion is a result of excessive vegetation.

• Coastal erosion is caused by volcanic activity.

• Coastal erosion is the process of land growth along the coast.

Name one example of a coastal landform.

• Canyon

• Iceberg

• Sea stack

What are some common coastal hazards?

• Tornadoes

• Volcanic eruptions

• Hurricanes, tsunamis, storm surges, coastal erosion, sea-level rise

• Earthquakes

How can coastal erosion be managed?

• Building more houses near the coast

• Removing all vegetation along the coast

• Implementing strategies like beach nourishment, seawalls, vegetation planting, offshore breakwaters, and land use planning.

• Dumping more sand into the ocean

Explain the formation of a sea stack.

• A sea stack is the result of underground caves collapsing, leaving a tall column of rock.

• A sea stack is formed by volcanic activity pushing up a pillar of rock from the ocean floor.

• A sea stack is formed through the erosion of a headland where the softer rock is worn away by the sea, leaving behind a more resistant section that eventually becomes a standalone pillar of rock.

• A sea stack is created when a meteor strikes the coastline, leaving behind a tall rock formation.

What is beach nourishment?

• Beach nourishment involves planting trees along the beach to prevent erosion

• Beach nourishment is the process of adding sand or sediment to beaches to combat erosion and increase beach width.

• Beach nourishment is the process of building artificial structures on beaches to increase width

• Beach nourishment is the process of removing sand from beaches to combat erosion

What are the impacts of sea level rise on coastal areas?

• Sea level rise causes a decrease in sea surface temperature in coastal areas

• Sea level rise leads to increased biodiversity in coastal areas

• Sea level rise impacts coastal areas by causing erosion, flooding, habitat loss, saltwater intrusion, and increased vulnerability to storms.

• Sea level rise has no impact on coastal areas

Describe the process of longshore drift.

• Longshore drift is the process of sediment being carried inland by wind.

• Longshore drift is the process of sediment being transported by underground rivers.

• Longshore drift is the process of sediment being deposited on the ocean floor.

• Longshore drift is the process where sediment is transported along a coast by waves and currents.

What are hard engineering coastal management strategies?

• Breakwaters, offshore reefs, tidal barriers

• Sand dunes, mangrove planting, beach nourishment

• Marsh creation, wetland restoration, managed retreat

• Sea walls, groynes, rock armour, and gabions are examples of hard engineering coastal management strategies.

How do sand dunes form along the coast?

• Sand dunes form due to volcanic activity along the coast.

• Sand dunes form when ocean currents push sand onto the shore.

• Sand dunes form as a result of earthquakes near the coast.

• Wind blows sand inland from the beach, and the sand accumulates and stabilizes due to vegetation or other obstacles.