African-American English

Which term is preferred by linguists to refer to African American English due to its avoidance of emotional reactions and racist parodies?

• Ebonics
• Black English
• African American Dialect
• African American English

According to the Anglicist Hypothesis, how did African American English (AAE) originate?

• AAE originated from Latin American influences
• Directly linked to early British dialects brought to North America.

• AAE originated from Asian language influences
• AAE originated from European language influences

Which hypothesis suggests that some of the persistent differences in African American English may be attributed to subtle but enduring influence from early contact between Africans and Europeans?

• Transatlantic hypothesis
• Colonial hypothesis
• Slave trade hypothesis
• The Substrate Hypothesis

What sociological foundation supports the divergence hypothesis in the development of Contemporary AAE?

• The recession of core AAE features and the maintenance of regional features of Appalachian speech.

• Racial isolation brought about by increasing de facto segregation.

• Widening socio-economic gap between mainstream American society and lower-class minority groups.

• The movement of African American speech toward a more supra-regional norm.

Which term is NOT listed as one of the name changes for African American English over the years?

• Afro-Negro English / Negro American Language

• Negro Dialect / Ebonics

• Nonstandard Negro English / Black English

• Afro-American English / African American Language

• Black English Vernacular / African American (Vernacular) English

What feature of African American English distinguishes it from its regional European American counterparts, according to the Substrate Hypothesis?

• Inflectional -s on third person verbs

• Word-final consonant clusters (lif up)

• Copula usage (He ugly)

• Seora usage (He finer)

What is the primary center of African American youth culture today, influencing language norms?

• Print media like newspapers
• Billboards in urban areas
• Urban communities

• Television commercials

What distinguishes the Neo-Anglicist Hypothesis from the Anglicist Hypothesis?

• It asserts that AAE is now quite distinct from contemporary European American vernacular speech

• It argues for a direct link between AAE and early British dialects.

• It proposes that AAE is influenced by early contact between Africans and Europeans.

• It suggests that AAE developed from a creole language.

Which Appalachian African American community, community, according to the extract, exhibits a trajectory of change characterized by the recession of core AAE features?

• Hyde County

• Texana

• Beech Bottom

• Barbados

In the trajectory of language change for Beech Bottom, what linguistic phenomenon is documented?

• Recession of core AAE features and the maintenance of regional features of Appalachian speech

• Semantic shift
• Adoption of European American dialect traits by elderly African Americans

• Syntactic shift