Biology Exam Semester 2 2024 Review

Rohan is studying the organization of an ecosystem. Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?

• Communities make up species, which make up populations.

• Populations make up species, which make up communities.

• Species make up communities, which make up populations.

• Species are grouped in populations, which make up communities.

Answer explanation

Species are grouped in populations, which make up communities. This is the correct organization of an ecosystem, with populations being made up of species and communities consisting of populations.

In a school garden, what is the term for a group of different species of plants and animals living together in a particular area?

• population.

• community.

• ecosystem.

• species.

Answer explanation

The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is called a community, which consists of multiple species interacting in a shared environment.

The grass at the beginning of the food chain is a...

• consumers.

• decomposers.

• producers.

• heterotrophs.

Answer explanation

The algae at the beginning of the food chain are producers, as they are capable of photosynthesis and produce their own food.

What term describes an organism that synthesizes its own food from inorganic substances?

• herbivore.

• omnivore.

• decomposer.

• autotroph.

Answer explanation

An autotroph is an organism that produces its own food supply from inorganic compounds, distinguishing it from heterotrophs, consumers, and detritivores.

Which term refers to the total mass of organisms in a specific trophic level?

• organic weight.

• trophic weight.

• energy weight.

• biomass.

Answer explanation

The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called biomass, making it the correct choice.

Which type of animals can consume both plants and other animals?

• herbivores

• omnivores

• carnivores

• detritivores

Answer explanation

Omnivores eat both producers (plants) and consumers (animals), making them the animals that fit the description provided in the question.

The pyramid shown show what being transferred at each trophic level?

• the relative amount of energy.

• the amount of living organic matter.

• the relative number of individual organisms.

• that producers outnumber first-level consumers.

Answer explanation

The trophic levels in Figure 3-2 illustrate the relative amount of energy.

Which process involves the conversion of nitrogen in the soil back into nitrogen gas in the atmosphere?

• nitrification

• ammonification

• denitrification

• assimilation

Answer explanation

Denitrification is the process by which bacteria convert nitrates in the ground to nitrogen in the air, completing the nitrogen cycle.

How do the flows of energy and nutrients in ecosystems compare?

• Energy flows in one direction while nutrients are recycled.

• Energy is recycled and nutrients flow in one direction.

• Both energy and nutrients flow in one direction.

• Both energy and nutrients are recycled.

Answer explanation

The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because energy flows in one direction and nutrients recycle.

The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment is known as

• geology.

• ecology.

• genetics.

• taxonomy.

Answer explanation

The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called ecology.