Sympatric and Parapatric Speciation

What is parapatric speciation?

• Process where a species evolves without changes

• Process where a species divides into two populations geographically isolated

• Process where two different species crossbreed

• Process where two subpopulations of a species evolve reproductive isolation

What is genetic homogenization?

• Reduction of genetic differences between populations due to high gene flow

• Increase of genetic differences between populations due to high gene flow

• Transfer of genes between different species

• Process of forming new species

What is an example of parapatric speciation mentioned in the text?

• Bengal Tiger

• Tennessee Cave Salamander

• Polar Bear

• Mountain Lion

What is a significant change that occurs in parapatric speciation?

• Different flowering times in plants

• Increased migration between populations

• Disappearance of geographical barriers

• Decrease in genetic diversity

What is genetic drift?

• Transfer of gene alleles from one population to another

• Change in allele frequencies in a population

• Process of natural selection in a population

• Increase in genetic diversity within a population

What prevents two populations in parapatric speciation from producing fertile offspring?

• Change in habitat

• Reproductive isolation

• High gene flow

• Unlimited migration

What is a characteristic trait of parapatric speciation?

• Populations in discontinuous geographic ranges

• Absence of geographic barriers

• Equal gene flow

• Non-random mating

What is sympatric speciation?

• A process that requires physical barriers to occur

• A process that only occurs on islands

• A process that involves species migration

• An evolutionary process that has no geographical barriers

What is a mechanism that can lead to sympatric speciation?

• Extinction of species

• Polyploidy

• Mass migration

• Climate change

What type of barrier is required for sympatric speciation to occur?

• Geographical

• Alimentary

• Reproductive

• Climatic