Cardiac/Renal PB24

A client prescribed ACE Inhibitors (-pril) may complain of ?

• Dry,nagging cough

• Heart Palpitations

• Headache and Dizziness

• Nausea,Vomiting, Diarrhea

Answer explanation

Nagging,dry,irritating, nonproductive cough is a distinguishing side effect of ACE inhibitors. Other side effects include:

Dizziness,Orthostatic hypotension, Fetal injury,Headache, Hyperkalemia

Which of the following are an indication to hold a client's dose of Beta-Blocker (-olol)? Select all that apply.

• Hypotension

• Bradycardia

• Tachycardia

• Myopathy

Answer explanation

Hypotension and bradycardia are side effects of Beta Blockers therefore the dose should be held if a client is already presenting with such symptoms.

Beta blockers work to increase the heart rate and may be stopped once the heart rate is within normal limits?

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Betablockers are used to decrease heart rate and should not be stopped abruptly.

The nurse instructs the patient to report severe muscle pain or weakness. The patient was prescribed which medication?

• Atenolol

• Atorvastatin

• Digoxin

• Nitroglycerin

Answer explanation

A potential side effect of -statins is myopathy- a group of disorders that cause muscle pain and weakness. The typical clinical presentation of Rhabdomyolysis includes muscle weakness and dark colored urine due to kidney damage.

For non-hemorrhagic stroke, which of the following treatments should be performed immediately?

• Surgical clipping

• Stereotactic radiosurgery

• Administer Tranexamic Acid (TXA)

• Administer Alteplase (rTPA)

Answer explanation

Alteplase (tPA) is used to treat acute ischemic stroke.

Donepezil is best administered

• in the morning

• with meals

• after assessing client's vital signs

• at bedtime

Answer explanation

The client should be taught to take the medication at bedtime.

Which medications may be used to treat Septic Shock?

• Epinephrine,Atropine,Clonidine

• Norepinephrine,Epinephrine,Atropine

• Norepinephrine,Dopamine, Epinephrine

• Epinephrine,Atropine,Diltiazem

Answer explanation

Epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine are adrenergics (also referred to as catecholamines) that stimulate the beta- and alpha-receptors on the target cell. They are used during severe hypotension due to shock.

Anticholinergics

• Cause dry effects

• Cause wet effects

Answer explanation

Anticholinergic side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, increased heart rate, flushed skin, agitation, urinary retention, constipation, and delirium. A mnemonic to remember the side effects includes “red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, and mad as a hatter.” Drying up respiratory secretions can decrease risk of aspiration during surgery.

A 58 year old female is admitted with urinary retention. Which medication is the nurse likely to administer?

• Furosemide (Loop Diuretic)

• Bethanecol

• Fluoxetine

• Atropine

Answer explanation

Bethanechol is taken to treat certain disorders of the urinary tract or bladder. It helps to cause urination and emptying of the bladder.

Medications used to treat Alzheimer's will

• Slow Progression of cognitive decline

• Reverse progression of cognitive decline if diagnosed early

• Cure cognitive decline

• Restore cognitive function

Answer explanation

Medications used to treat Alzheimer's disease slow the progression of Alzheimer's symptoms, they do not stop progression or cure underlying disease process.