DNA Structure and Function Review

A nucleotide does NOT contain

• a 5-carbon sugar (Deoxyribose).
• an amino acid.
• a nitrogenous base.
• a phosphate group.

According to Chargaff’s rule of base pairing, which of the following is true about DNA?

• [A] = [T]; [C] = [G]
• [A] = [C]; [T] = [G]
• [A] = [G]; [T] = [C]
• [A] = [T]; [C] = [U]

Using Chargaff's rule, what percentage of Adenine is in Sample M?

• 30%
• 15%
• 20%
• 25%

Using Chargaff's rule, what percentage of Thymine is in Sample R?

• 85%
• 15%
• 5%
• 25%

The bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together come from

• the attraction of phosphate groups for each other.
• strong bonds between nitrogenous bases and deoxyribose.
• hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases.
• carbon-to-carbon bonds in the sugar portion of the nucleotides.

In eukaryotes, nearly all the DNA is found in the

• Nucleus
• Ribosomes
• Cytoplasm
• Histones.

The main enzyme involved in linking individual nucleotides to build a new DNA molecule, and is known as the builder enzyme is

• DNA protease.
• Ribose
• Carbohydrase
• DNA polymerase.

The principle role of DNA is to

• make proteins
• maintain the structure of the cell.
• store and transmit genetic information.
• synthesize nucleotides.

Complementary base-pairing rules simply state that

• base pairs form between complements. For example, adenine pairs with guanine, and thymine pairs with cytosine.
• base pairs form between complements. For example, adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine.
• like bases complement like bases. For example, adenine pairs with adenine, guanine with guanine, etc.
• either purine can bond with either complementary pyrimidine. For example, adenine can pair with cytosine or thymine.

When a eukaryotic cell is replicating, it is in which phase

• the resting phase
• interphase
• the M phase
• prophase