UML Class Diagrams and Object-Oriented Programming

What does the push operation do in a stack, and what operation adds an element to the end of a queue?

• Adds an element to the top; Enqueue

• Removes the top element; Dequeue

• Returns the top element without removing it; Push

• 1. Checks if the stack is empty; Pop

What does the pop operation do in a stack, and what operation removes an element from the front of a queue?

• Removes the top element; Dequeue

• Adds an element to the top; Enqueue

• Returns the top element without removing it; Push

• 1. Checks if the stack is empty; Pop

What does the front operation in a queue do, and what does the static keyword in Java indicate about a member?

• Returns the front element without removing it; It belongs to the class itself

• Removes the front element; It is private

• Adds an element to the end; It is protected

• 1. Checks if the queue is empty; It is final

In a UML Class Diagram, what does the top section of a class rectangle contain, and where are the attributes listed?

• The name of the class; The middle part

• The class attributes; The bottom part

• The class methods; The top part

• The class relationships; The arrow part

What is a UML Class Diagram used for in object-oriented programming?

• Visualizing the relationships between classes

• Displaying program flow

• Representing user interfaces

• Debugging code

What principle does a stack follow, and what is the relationship called where a class inherits properties and behaviors from a superclass?

• Last In, First Out (LIFO); Inheritance

• First In, First Out (FIFO); Aggregation

• Random Access; Dependency

• Round Robin; Composition

Which method from the following UML class diagram returns a boolean value, and what operation in a stack returns the top element without removing it?

• Stop Moving (); Peek

• Go Forward (int x); Push

• Turn (int x); Pop

• Go Backward (int x); Empty Check

Why is encapsulation important in object-oriented programming, and what does the private access modifier do in Java?

• It locks away unnecessary data; Restricts access to the members of a class within the class itself

• It increases the code size; Allows access from any class

• It makes attributes public; Allows access within the same package

• It prevents code execution; Allows access from subclasses only

How does a list differ from an array in terms of size, and what operation in a queue returns and removes the head of the queue?

• A list can grow or shrink dynamically; Poll

• A list has a fixed size; Enqueue

• An array can grow or shrink dynamically; Push

• An array has a dynamic size; Peek

Which type of association is shown by a line that represents "a car has wheels," and what is the principle followed by a queue?

• Aggregation; First In, First Out (FIFO)

• Inheritance; Last In, First Out (LIFO)

• Dependency; Random Access

• Composition; Round Robin