BIO2581 Section 9

See image for question

• X = none Y= none
• X = high Y= high
• X = none Y = high
• N/A
• N/A

Which of the following is strand slippage?

• A process where one DNA strand loops out during replication, leading to insertions or deletions in a sequence.
• The separation of DNA strands during transcription.
• A mechanism by which RNA polymerase slips a nucleotide during transcription.
• A process where ribosomes slip on the mRNA, causing translation errors.
• The separation of the leading strand and lagging strand due to UV radiation.

Which of the following statements about transposons are TRUE:

• Transposons are confined to moving within a single chromosome and cannot travel from one chromosome to the other.
• Transposing are always replicated before they are inserted into a new site
• Transposons can cause mutations by disrupting genes or regulatory regions where they insert into new locations of the genome
• Transposing are only found in prokaryotic organisms
• Transposing can contribute to genetic diversity but do not lengthen the genome

See image for question

• (A) Plate B is GENERON-7 and Plate D is GENERON-13
• (B) Plate A is GENERON-7 and Plate D is GENERON-13
• (C) Plate C is GENERON-1 and Plate A is GENERON-13
• (D) Plate D is GENERON-1 and Plate C is GENERON-7
• (E) Plate A is GENERON-13 and Plate C is GENERON-1

Which statement is correct: 

• Illumina requires a replicative phase to amplify signal from identical DNA fragments in mixed orientations on the flow cell, unlike Nanopore sequencing which reads individual DNA molecules directly
• The mixed orientation of DNA fragments in Illumina sequencing prevents paired-end reading
• Sanger, PacBio, and Nanopore sequencing all generate clusters of identical DNA molecules, while Illumina is unique in its ability to sequence single molecules without amplification.
• Illumina, PacBio, and Nanopore all require DNA fragments to be in the same orientation during sequencing, while Sanger sequencing is the only method that works with mixed orientations.
• No

Select the correct order of letters with the associated protein. see image

• 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. E 5. F
• 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. F 5. E
• 1. E 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. F
• 1. F 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. E
• 1. C 2. D 3. F 4. B 5. E

In a heterozygous organism with one wild-type (WT) allele and one dominant-negative (dn) allele, the phenotype is abnormal. When an additional WT allele is introduced (resulting in two WT alleles and one dn allele), the phenotype remains abnormal. What is the most likely explanation for this observation?

• A) The dominant-negative allele produces a protein that outcompetes the WT protein for substrate binding, preventing normal function.
• B) The dominant-negative allele encodes a protein that forms nonfunctional complexes with WT protein, interfering with its function even when additional WT protein is present.
• C) The dominant-negative allele exhibits haploinsufficiency, meaning that one copy of the WT allele is insufficient to maintain normal function.
• D) The additional WT allele is not expressed at high enough levels to compensate for the effects of the dominant-negative allele.
• E) None of the Above