39. Understanding Security Vulnerabilities and Zero-Day Attacks

Why is it important to provide patches for security vulnerabilities in applications and operating systems?

• To improve the user interface

• To close security holes and prevent attacks

• To enhance the speed of the system

• To add new features

Who are the two main groups working to identify vulnerabilities in software?

• Managers and analysts

• Researchers and attackers

• Developers and designers

• Users and testers

What is a zero-day attack?

• An attack that targets only outdated software

• An attack that exploits a vulnerability before a patch is available

• An attack that is launched by internal employees

• An attack that occurs on the first day of the month

What is the main goal of attackers when they find a vulnerability?

• To report it to the vendor

• To create attack code and exploit it

• To improve the software

• To share it with the community

Why is it difficult to protect a system from a zero-day attack?

• Because the system has too many users

• Because the system is not connected to the internet

• Because the vulnerability is unknown to the vendor

• Because the system is too old

Where can you track zero-day attacks and vulnerabilities?

• On social media

• On the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) website

• In the local newspaper

• On the company's internal portal

What type of zero-day attack was announced by the Chrome browser in April 2023?

• Denial of service

• SQL injection

• Memory corruption and sandbox escape

• Phishing attack

What was the nature of the zero-day attack patched by Microsoft in May 2023?

• Unauthorized access to user data

• Self-signed code running during the UEFI boot process

• Network intrusion

• Malware installation

Which of the following was NOT one of the zero-day attacks patched by Apple in May 2023?

• Disclosure of sensitive information

• Phishing attack

• Sandbox escape

• Arbitrary code execution

Why is it crucial for companies like Apple, Microsoft, and Google to create patches for zero-day vulnerabilities?

• To improve the user experience

• To reduce software costs

• To prevent exploits being used in the wild

• To increase their market share