Cyber Security Basics

What is the term used to describe individuals who gain unauthorized access to computer systems for malicious purposes?

• spammers

• crackers

• phishers

• hackers

What is the term for individuals who use their hacking skills for good, such as testing the security of systems?

• White hat hackers

• Positive hackers

• Ethical hackers

• Moral hackers

Which type of hacker is known for exploiting computer systems for personal gain or malicious intent?

• Black hat hacker

• Rainbow hat hacker

• White hat hacker

• Grey hat hacker

What is the term for hackers who fall between ethical and black hat hackers, sometimes using their skills for good and other times for malicious purposes?

• Grey hat hackers

• White hat hackers

• Red hat hackers

• Blue hat hackers

What is the term for a fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details, by disguising as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication?

• Vishing

• Spoofing

• Smishing

• Phishing

What is the term for a security mechanism set to detect, deflect, or counteract attempts at unauthorized use of information systems?

• Firewall System

• Malware Protection

• Data Encryption

• Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

Which legislation in the UK makes it illegal to gain unauthorized access to computer systems?

• Digital Privacy Law 2012

• Computer Misuse Act 1990

• Cybersecurity Regulation 2005

• Computer Access Act 1995

What is the term for a self-replicating type of malware that spreads independently?

• spyware

• worm

• trojan

• virus

Which type of malware requires user interaction to spread, such as opening an infected email attachment?

• Worm

• Rootkit

• Ransomware

• Trojan horse

What is the term for a type of hacker who uses their skills to identify vulnerabilities in systems and networks to help improve security?

• Black Hat Hacker

• Rainbow Hat Hacker

• Gray Hat Hacker

• White Hat Hacker