Year 11 - Chromosomes to Genomes

What is the basic definition of a gene?

• A segment of RNA

• A unit of inheritance

• A protein

• A type of enzyme

At the molecular level, what does each gene contain?

• Information to code for enzymes

• Information that codes for specific protein(s)

• Information to code for lipids

• Information to code for carbohydrates

Approximately what percentage of DNA in a human cell codes for protein products?

• 50%

• 10%

• 25%

• 1%

How is information stored in DNA?

• By the sequence of amino acids

• By the order of nitrogen bases

• By the sequence of sugars

• By the order of phosphates

What are alternative forms of the same gene called?

• Chromosomes

• Alleles

• Genomes

• Codons

What is the term for the complete set of genetic material in a haploid cell?

• Chromosome

• Allele

• Genome

• Gene

What specialised functions can non-coding DNA regions have?

• Initiating DNA replication

• Packing DNA into chromosomes

• Stabilising chromosome ends

• All of the above

What is the role of regulatory elements in non-coding DNA?

• Coding for proteins

• Packing DNA into chromosomes

• Influencing time of gene expression

• Replicating DNA

How can genomic research help in agriculture?

• By identifying genes for desirable traits

• By sequencing proteins

• By producing synthetic crops

• By eliminating genetic variations

What is the structure that contains double stranded DNA within cells?

• Genome

• Chromosome

• Allele

• Protein