Earth Science Challenge

What is the process by which rocks and minerals break down into smaller pieces called?

• Erosion

• Decomposition

• Fragmentation

• Weathering

How does erosion differ from weathering?

• Erosion breaks down materials, while weathering transports them.

• Weathering breaks down materials, while erosion transports them.

• Weathering and erosion are the same process.

• Erosion only affects rocks, while weathering affects all materials.

Explain the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering.

• Mechanical weathering changes rocks chemically

• Chemical weathering breaks rocks physically

• Mechanical weathering only affects soft rocks

• Mechanical weathering breaks rocks physically, while chemical weathering changes rocks chemically.

What role do glaciers play in shaping the Earth's surface through erosion?

• Glaciers erode the Earth's surface through processes like evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.

• Glaciers erode the Earth's surface through processes like deposition, compaction, and cementation.

• Glaciers erode the Earth's surface through processes like melting, freezing, and sublimation.

• Glaciers erode the Earth's surface through processes like plucking, abrasion, and quarrying.

How does human activity contribute to accelerated erosion?

• Human activities have no impact on erosion

• Human activities remove vegetation cover, disturb soil structure, and increase surface runoff, contributing to accelerated erosion.

• Human activities decrease surface runoff and soil disturbance

• Human activities promote vegetation growth and prevent erosion

What is the greenhouse effect and how does it relate to climate change?

• The greenhouse effect is a cooling process that counteracts climate change

• The greenhouse effect is a result of deforestation

• The greenhouse effect is a natural process where certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun, leading to warming of the planet. Human activities have intensified this effect, contributing to climate change.

• The greenhouse effect is caused by excessive use of air conditioning

Describe the impact of deforestation on climate change.

• Deforestation reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide, leading to an increase in greenhouse gases and contributing to climate change.

• Deforestation leads to increased oxygen levels in the atmosphere

• Deforestation has no impact on climate change

• Deforestation helps to reduce global temperatures

What are the primary greenhouse gases responsible for trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere?

• Argon (Ar)

• Nitrogen (N2)

• Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), water vapor (H2O)

• Oxygen (O2)

What are the consequences of the Earth's layers shifting and moving?

• Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, mountain formation, changes in landmass positions

• Tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes

• Droughts, floods, wildfires

• Ice ages, meteor showers, solar flares

How do scientists study the Earth's layers and what tools do they use?

• Scientists study the Earth's layers by observing clouds, using telescopes, and analyzing ocean currents.

• Scientists study the Earth's layers using methods like seismic waves, drilling, and studying rock samples. They use tools such as seismographs, drills, and core samples.

• Scientists study the Earth's layers by counting stars, measuring wind speed, and analyzing plant growth.

• Scientists study the Earth's layers by tasting soil, smelling rocks, and listening to birds.