ESL Part 1

What is the best definition of assimilation?

• The process of introducing new cultural elements and deleting or altering the existing ones

• A method by which people divide themselves into smaller ethnicities within a "super ethnicity" such as a nationality

• The adoption of some mainstream culture by members of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds while maintaining their cultural values and customs

• An adaptation in which a minority group of culture adopts the values, behaviors, and beliefs of a majority group, fully or partially

Mr. Kane, an elementary science teacher, is about to begin a unit on dinosaurs. Which of the following would be an effective way to present the new content to beginning English students for the first time

• Show the students a video introducing the topic

• Ask students to present to the class all the information they know about the topic

• Have students read the content individually and highlight any unfamiliar words or phrases

• Assign students a vocabulary matching activity with key words from the unit

Which of the following words contains multiple voiceless phonemes?

• Day

• Kit

• Rag

• Yet

Ms. Salas would like to assess her ELLs' math skills and problem-solving strategies using the students' L1(Spanish) and L2 (English). She would like to know how they are progressing so she can plan the next sequence of lessons. What would be an effective formative assessment to do with the class?

• Reviewing key concepts at the start of each lesson

• Assigning math homework every day to give students an opportunity to practice numeracy skills

• Spot-checking with small groups as they are working together and taking notes of individual students' performance during a task

• Asking students to choose a mathematical concept and develop a "math talk" presentation to teach to the class as a midterm project.

Mr. Johnson notices the following errors in her student's speech:

1. 1. What she do right now?

2. 2. The people here is very friendly.

3. 3. I am agree.

   Based on these errors, what should Mr. Johnson review with his ELL students?

• Semantics

• Syntax

• Phonology

• Language Functions

The teacher of a high school ESL class notices that several of the students in the class are lacking confidence in themselves. What is an effective way that the teacher can help the students to gain a sense of empowerment connected with being bilingual?

• Inviting college students to speak to the class about their experiences studying abroad and the benefits of knowing two languages and cultures in the current job market

• Pairing each student with a native English-speaking peer to whom they can teach the basics of their native language and culture

• Inviting local business owners to speak to the class about their background and experience growing up with English as a second language

• Leading the class in a discussion on diversity and the value of learning about different cultures

Antonio is a second-grader who began schooling for the first time this year in the US. He has a beginner level of English and struggles with reading comprehension of simple texts. Which of the following techniques can Antonio's teacher use to help him progress at an increased pace?

• Providing regular, structured opportunities to read for multiple purposes

• Using bilingual reading materials to transfer literacy from his first to second language

• Engaging in read-aloud in which the teacher models correct pronunciation and prosody

• Providing sentence prompts to focus and organize his thoughts

Which of the following is true about building a lesson based on Cummins' Quadrants?

• An activity using complex language and a familiar subject for an ELL should be used second in a lesson

• An activity such as social conversation with a friend should be used at the end of a lesson to talk about what was learned

• An activity using simple language and an unfamiliar subject for an ELL should be used at the start of a lesson

• An activity such as listening to lecture without any images should be used first to start a lesson

In a bilingual classroom, at the end of each science unit, students create a chart with their teacher comparing words in English and Spanish. Afterwards, they look for similarities and differences. A student notices that the English words heating and freezing end in -ing and the words in Spanish enfriando and calentando end in -ando. The students begin to discuss other words that end the same way and how they are used. Then, the students work with a partner to write a sentence in English incorporating the same ending and draw a picture. This activity demonstrates which of the following?

• Writing activities demonstrate proficiency in L2

• Speaking and listening promote language development

• Creating charts helps with vocabulary retention

• Analyzing suffixes in L1 and L2 facilitates language acquisition

What is one objective of the cognitive academic language learning approach? (CALLA)

• Identifying the level of proficiency in acquiring a new language in the areas of reading, writing, listening and speaking

• Learning content knowledge and language skills that are most important for their future academic success

• Developing language proficiency through physical movement

• Helping students develop their linguistic skills to ensure success during social interactions