African Empires

How did the spread of Islam affect the people of Egypt?

• They became more Coptic Christian over time.

• They repulsed Islam through a military alliance with the Berbers.

• They adopted the cultural characteristics of Arabic civilizations.

Which BEST describes the Aksum Empire?

• The empire converted to Islam due to Nubian religious leaders from Kush.

• The empire’s trade with Rome and Byzantium brought wealth.

• The empire’s lack of agricultural resources forced it to trade.

How did the spread of Christianity and Islam affect East Africa?

• Ethiopia converted from Christianity to Islam after being conquered.

• Warfare developed between Islamic Somalia and Christian Ethiopia.

• Religious toleration stabilized the Horn of Africa for prosperous trade.

What MOST contributed to the decline of the Aksum Empire?

• a. a civil war between tribal groups

• b. a religious war between Christianity and Islam

• c. the arrival of European explorers and traders

• d. the loss of trading routes to Islamic caliphates

How was the Aksum Empire different from the Ethiopian Empire of the Solomonic dynasty?

• a. The Ethiopian Empire traded more with European traders than Aksum.

• b. Aksum relied more on agriculture while Ethiopia relied more on trade.

• c. The Ethiopian Empire was more isolated from other countries.

• d. Aksum maintained its traditional religious beliefs while Ethiopia converted.

Which BEST describes society under the Fatimid Caliphate?

• a. Christians and Jews enjoy religious toleration.

• b. Slavery ends after a revolution by mamluks.

• c. Berbers suffer persecution.

• d. Scholars lost importance under a strict form of Islam.

Which BEST characterizes the spread of Islam from the Arabic peninsula to the Atlantic Ocean across northern Africa?

• Missionaries and foreign culture changed the region without warfare.

• The desert region lacked occupants until Arabs began colonies.

• Overall, it spread rapidly with times of inactivity.

• Quick progress was made through the continent without any resistance.

Which ruled all of northern Africa as part of its large empire?

• Umayyad Caliphate

• Egypt

• Kush

• Rashidun Caliphate

Which BEST describes the Kush civilization of northeastern Africa?

• resisted combining with Egypt into a state

• the unique culture of an island

• avoided ancient Egyptian traditions

• culturally associated with Egypt

Which BEST identifies continuity in the civilizations that occupied the Horn of Africa over time?

• The Mogadishu Sultanate issued coins and engaged in trading like Aksum.

• Aksum refused to trade with Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire.

• The Mogadishu Sultanate dominated the trade of gold throughout Africa.

• Aksum and the Zagwe and Solomonic dynasties adopted Islam.