Reading Test 4 F50

Who are some of the main representatives of Critical Theory mentioned in the text?

• Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, Herbert Marcuse

• Adam Smith, John Locke, David Hume, Thomas Hobbes

• Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, Friedrich Nietzsche

What is one of the main criticisms of Critical Theory towards modern society?

• Lack of reasonableness

• Lack of technological advancement

• Excessive focus on individual freedom

• Overemphasis on traditional values

Who is considered the father of structural anthropology or structuralism?

• Stuart Kauffman

• Edward Norton Lorenz

• Claude Lévi-Strauss

• Ferdinand de Saussure

What is one of the key ideas of structuralism according to Claude Lévi-Strauss?

• Human behavior is solely determined by genetics

• Myths and folktales have no cultural significance

• Culture is a dialectical process

• Cultural diversity is a barrier to understanding human behavior

What is the Butterfly effect in Chaos Theory?

• A system is constantly changing

• A dynamic type of balance in a system

• A slight change in the starting point can lead to a very different result

• A system eventually stabilizes

What is the goal of Chaos Theory in social sciences?

• To understand complex nonlinear systems of social complexity

• To study linear progressions in social systems

• To establish rigid rules for social interactions

• To predict social behavior with absolute certainty

Who is one of the main representatives of Complexity Theory mentioned in the text?

• Michel Foucault

• Stuart Kauffman

• Thomas Kuhn

• Karl Popper

What is a characteristic of a complex system according to Complexity Theory?

• It shows self-management and spontaneous order

• It is not affected by local regulations

• It lacks the ability to adapt to new situations

• It has a small number of elements

What does Complexity Theory suggest about the predictability of global action in a complex system?

• It cannot necessarily be predicted by understanding the behavior of the initial component

• It follows a linear progression

• It is completely random and unpredictable

• It can be predicted with absolute certainty

What is one of the important concepts of Chaos Theory according to Kiel and Elliot (1998)?

• Size

• Variety

• Realism

• Ignorance