Quiz #3 Cell Respiration, Water Cycle, Carbon Cycle

Which phrase best describes the main role of fermentation?

• It allows anaerobic production of ADP.

• It converts glucose into pyruvate and NADH.

• It produces lactic acid to counteract an oxygen deficit.

• It allows glycolysis to continue, making a small amount of ATP.

Answer explanation

The main role of fermentation is to allow glycolysis to continue, producing a small amount of ATP.

Which of the following is not a true statement about respiration?

• Respiration occurs in the cells of the human body.

• Food is broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

• Respiration involves the release of energy from food.

• Respiration is called anaerobic when oxygen is involved and aerobic when oxygen is not involved.

Answer explanation

The correct statement is that respiration is called anaerobic when oxygen is not involved and aerobic when oxygen is involved.

The following steps are listed in incorrect order to describe the energy transfer process from the sun to the molecules that power organisms' cellular processes. Which of the following describes the correct order of this energy transfer process?

• 3, 2, 1, 5, 4

• 2, 1, 5, 3, 4

• 2, 4, 5, 1, 3

• 1, 4, 5, 1, 3

Answer explanation

The correct order of the energy transfer process is 2, 1, 5, 3, 4, where energy from the sun is absorbed, converted into molecules, utilized in cellular processes, and finally released as waste.

The process of cellular respiration is a series of reactions. Which statement correctly describes how matter and energy change forms and are used during the process of cellular respiration?

• High-energy bonds form between non-phosphate groups.

• High-energy carbon-carbon bonds are broken in glucose.

• Energy is released each time a nitrate attaches to adenosine.

• Low-energy carbon-carbon bonds are broken in carbon dioxide.

Answer explanation

During cellular respiration, high-energy carbon-carbon bonds in glucose are broken down, releasing energy for the cell to use.

Elize is experimenting to see what happens to the water level in a pan placed in sunlight. She filled two pans with water up to 4 cm. One pan was placed in a dark room, and the other in a room exposed to sunlight. After two days, Elize found that the water level in the dark room was 3.7 cm, and the water level in the sunlit room was 1 cm. What process can explain the more significant decrease in the water level in the sunlit room?

• Sublimation

• Evaporation

• Precipitation

• Condensation

Answer explanation

The more significant decrease in water level in the sunlit room is due to evaporation, where water is converted into vapor by the heat from the sunlight.

The process where water passes through the xylem of a plant and exits through the stomata is called _____________.

• Sublimation

• Precipitation

• Condensation

• Evapotranspiration

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Evapotranspiration because it involves the process of water passing through the xylem of a plant and exiting through the stomata.

Which of the following statements about the water cycle is true?

• The water below the ground cannot eventually turn into clouds.

• The earth does not have the same amount of water that it had 1,000 years ago.

• It is impossible for the water molecules that were part of the saliva of a dinosaur to be a part of our drinking water supply.

• It is possible for the water molecules that were part of the saliva of a dinosaur to be a part of our drinking water supply.

Answer explanation

The correct statement is that it is possible for the water molecules that were part of the saliva of a dinosaur to be a part of our drinking water supply.

Which of the following adds carbon to the atmosphere?

• Dead organisms

• Photosynthesis

• Animal respiration

• Formation of fossil fuels

Answer explanation

Animal respiration adds carbon to the atmosphere by releasing carbon dioxide as a byproduct of the breathing process.

Alicia is developing a model of photosynthesis and respiration. Part of her model includes the inputs and outputs of each process. Which of these describes the inputs and outputs of Alicia’s model?

• Water is an output for both respiration and for photosynthesis.

• Glucose is an output for photosynthesis and an input for respiration.

• Oxygen is an input for photosynthesis and an output for respiration.

• Carbon dioxide is an input for respiration and an output for photosynthesis.

Answer explanation

Glucose is an output for photosynthesis and an input for respiration.

Which bond of the ATP molecule is broken in order to release energy?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

The bond between the second and third phosphate groups (bond A) is broken in order to release energy stored in ATP.