Innate Immune Response

What is the purpose of the mucociliary escalator?

• To remove pathogens that have entered into the GI tract

• To remove inhaled pathogens that have entered into the nasal cavity

• To remove pathogens that have entered into the blood stream

• To remove inhaled particles, pathogens, and debris from the respiratory tract.

Explain the primary function of basophils

• to release histamine and other chemicals involved in allergic reactions and inflammation.

• to release antibacterial compounds in the case of bacterial infections

• to fight off parasitic infections

• to identify cells that are infected with viruses or to induce apoptosis in cancer cells

What is the significance of hematopoietic stem cells?

• These cells may differentiate into cells such as fibroblasts

• They play a primary role in the innate immune system by serving as barriers to infection

• They are involved mostly in the production of lymph in the lymphatic system

• They have the ability to differentiate into all types of blood cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

These WBCs are the most abundant and are the first at the sight of bacterial infection

• Monocytes
• Eosinophils
• Lymphocytes
• Neutrophils

Toll-like receptors are found ___, whereas NOD-like receptors are found ___.

• in the mitochondria, on the endoplasmic reticulum
• in the extracellular matrix, on the Golgi apparatus
• on the cell surface, in the cytoplasm
• on the cell membrane, in the nucleus

The innate immune system is ___.

• primarily composed of antibodies

• the first line of defense against pathogens
• non-specific

• Both A and B are correct

• Both B and C are correct

Which complement proteins are associated with generating the membrane attack complex (MAC)?

• C5a

• C5b

• C3a

• C3b

Which complement protein is associated with histamine release and diapedesis of leukocytes? Select all that apply:

• C5a
• C6a
• C4a
• C3a
• C3b