Pretest-Ethics

Which of the following best describes the scope of philosophy?

• It includes the study of languages and literature exclusively.

• It encompasses a broad range of inquiries into existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

• It is limited to the natural sciences and mathematics.

• It focuses solely on historical events and figures.

What is the primary goal of philosophy?

• To provide definitive answers to all questions.

• To explore and understand fundamental questions about life, existence, and the universe.

• To memorize and recite philosophical texts.

• To perform scientific experiments.

Which branch of philosophy investigates the nature and structure of reality?

• Ethics

• Epistemology

• Metaphysics

• Aesthetics

What is the primary focus of epistemology?

• The nature of art and beauty.

• The study of knowledge and belief.

• The analysis of moral values.

• The investigation of social and political structures.

What does 'empiricism' emphasize in the acquisition of knowledge?

• Innate ideas and reasoning.

• Sensory experience and observation.

• Supernatural revelation.

• Abstract theoretical speculation.

In philosophical terms, what is a 'deductive argument'?

• An argument that derives conclusions from empirical observations.

• An argument where the conclusion necessarily follows from the premises.

• An argument that is based on personal opinions and beliefs.

• An argument that is inherently fallacious.

Which concept refers to the belief that only physical substances exist?

• Idealism

• Dualism

• Materialism

• Realism

How does philosophy contribute to personal development?

• By providing simple solutions to all problems.

• By fostering critical thinking, self-reflection, and a deeper understanding of one's beliefs and values.

• By promoting adherence to traditional beliefs without questioning.

• By focusing exclusively on practical skills.

Why is the study of ethics important in everyday life?

• It helps individuals ignore moral dilemmas.

• It provides a framework for making ethical decisions and understanding moral principles.

• It focuses solely on abstract theoretical concepts.

• It offers concrete financial advice.

Philosophical inquiry can enhance democratic participation by:

• Teaching individuals to follow authority without question.

• Encouraging critical analysis of political systems and active engagement in public discourse.

• Restricting individuals to specific roles in society.

• Focusing only on the history of political systems.