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(a)   has high rates of bycatch and is highly destructive of benthic communities. Nora and Ethan are discussing sustainable fishing methods.

• Pole Fishing

• Long Line Fishing

• Purse Seining

• Trawling

Answer explanation

Trawling has high rates of bycatch and is highly destructive of benthic communities, making it unsustainable. Therefore, Nora and Ethan should consider other sustainable fishing methods like pole fishing, long line fishing, or purse seining.

The graph above shows the change in Canada’s harvest of Atlantic Cod from 1950-2004. What change occurred between 1992-1993?

• The stocks of Atlantic Cod collapsed.

• Harvests of Atlantic Cod rapidly decreased.

• Canada declared a moratorium to all cod fishing in Newfoundland and Labrador.

• All of the above.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'All of the above' because during 1992-1993, the stocks of Atlantic Cod collapsed, harvests rapidly decreased, and Canada declared a moratorium on cod fishing in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Charlotte and Lily are discussing different fishing methods. Which type of fishing has the lowest rates of bycatch?

• Pole Fishing

• Long Line Fishing

• Purse Seining

• Trawling

Answer explanation

Pole Fishing has the lowest rates of bycatch because it uses a single line with a baited hook, reducing the chances of catching unintended species.

The loss of the Atlantic Cod around Newfoundland occurred because those fisheries were…

• Underexploited

• Fully exploited

• Overexploited.

• None of the above.

Answer explanation

The loss of the Atlantic Cod around Newfoundland occurred because those fisheries were overexploited.

Having a market for fish that are produced is a prime consideration when Anika and Aria are:

• assessing the fish lab space and needs for the operation.

• dealing with a bank for a loan.

• deciding on the species of fish to grow.

• determining the size of the aquaculture facility.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is deciding on the species of fish to grow because having a market for the fish produced is directly related to the species chosen for cultivation.

Scarlett and Elijah are planning to start an aquaculture facility. Which of the following is a primary factor they should consider when selecting a location?

• Proximity to urban areas.

• Availability of clean water.

• Local climate conditions.

• All of the above.

Answer explanation

All of the above factors are crucial for selecting a location for an aquaculture facility, including proximity to urban areas, availability of clean water, and local climate conditions.

During a class project, Avery and Benjamin are researching different methods of fish farming. What is the main advantage of using recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)?

• Lower initial setup costs.

• Reduced water usage.

• Higher fish growth rates.

• Less need for technical expertise.

Answer explanation

The main advantage of using recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is reduced water usage, making it an environmentally friendly option for fish farming.

During a marine biology class, William and Ava are discussing fishing methods. Which fishing method is most likely to cause habitat destruction?

• Gillnetting

• Handlining

• Bottom Trawling

• Spearfishing

Answer explanation

Bottom Trawling is the most likely fishing method to cause habitat destruction due to its dragging of heavy nets along the ocean floor, impacting marine ecosystems.