Exercises 1: Models and Particles

Why do scientists use models?

• a) They are exact representations of reality.

• b) They only exist in computer simulations.

• c) They are always simple and easy to understand.

• d) They can be used to test ideas and make predictions.

What can be a limitation of scientific model?

• a) They are never updated or improved.

• b) They are all based on real-world data.

• c) They are only used in physics, not other sciences.

• d) They cannot perfectly capture all the complexities of a system.

What resembles the Plum Pudding Model of the atom?

• a) A tiny, solid ball with negative charges stuck on the outside.

• b) A complex mathematical equation describing electron behavior.

• c) A miniature solar system with planets orbiting a central nucleus.

• d) A positively charged sphere with negatively charges scattered throughout.

Why is the Plum Pudding Model helpful for scientists?

• a) It shows how atoms are mostly empty space.

• b) It shows electrons have specific energy levels.

• c) It shows how atoms are indivisible particles.

• d) It shows the nucleus is the most massive part of the atom.

What is the characteristic of solid particles as seen in its particle model?

• a) Moving freely and spread far apart.

• b) Arranged in a specific pattern but with large gaps.

• c) Vibrating in place with minimal space between them.

• d) Flowing around each other and constantly changing positions.

What can you say about the particles of liquid in contrast with a solid?

• a) A predictable pattern of movement.

• b) Less movement and are more tightly packed.

• c) The same amount of movement and spacing.

• d) More freedom to move and more space between them.

What happens to the particles of a material being heated?

• a) Slightly compacted but can move

• b) Moves farther away from each other

• c) Gains more definite shape and compactness

• d) Nothing happens because heat is not absorbed

What can be seen in the physical model of the Bohr model of the atom?

• a) Presence of orbitals

• b) A cloud of electrons

• c) A nucleus at the center

• d) Nothing, just empty space

Which of the following CAN NOT be a scientific model for the atom?

• a) A song with lyrics full of subatomic particles and their charges.

• b) An image (picture, concept map, flowchart, etc.) that considers all laws of science

• c) A round Styrofoam colored with parts representing electrons and other subatomic particles.

• d) A computerized interactive game where you can put subatomic particles and guess the correct image for atom.

Which of the following shows how particles behave when heated?

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