Describe the Agricultural Revolution.

• A period of rapid industrialization in ancient civilizations

• A shift from nomadic hunting and gathering to settled agriculture

• The development of writing systems in ancient Mesopotamia

• The rise of complex civilizations in ancient Egypt

How did agriculture emerge?

• Through the domestication of animals

• Through the discovery of irrigation systems

• Through the accidental cultivation of wild plants

• Through the development of metal tools

What was a major difference between the life of hunter-gatherers and early agriculturalists?

• Hunter-gatherers lived in cities, while agriculturalists lived in rural areas

• Hunter-gatherers were nomadic, while agriculturalists were settled

• Hunter-gatherers were more social, while agriculturalists were more isolated

• Hunter-gatherers were more violent, while agriculturalists were more peaceful

What is a major advantage of agriculture?

• Increased mobility and freedom

• Greater food security and surplus

• Reduced social hierarchy and inequality

• Improved health and sanitation

What is a major drawback of complex civilizations?

• Increased social mobility and equality

• Greater food security and surplus

• Environmental degradation and resource depletion

• Improved health and sanitation

What is a city-state?

• A large, centralized empire

• A small, independent city with its own government

• A nomadic tribe with no fixed settlement

• A rural village with no urban center

What was the writing system of Mesopotamia?

• Hieroglyphics

• Cuneiform

• Alphabet

• Pictograms

What was the purpose of Hammurabi's Code?

• To establish a system of social hierarchy and inequality

• To provide a set of moral guidelines for personal behavior

• To create a standardized system of laws and justice

• To promote trade and commerce with neighboring cities

How did the Assyrians seize power?

• Through a series of military conquests and expansions

• B) Through a peaceful transfer of power from the Babylonians

• Through a coup d'etat led by a charismatic leader

• Through a series of diplomatic alliances and treaties

How did the Egyptians and Mesopotamians view rivers in their civilizations?

• As sources of danger and destruction

• As symbols of power and authority

• As life-giving and essential for agriculture

• As obstacles to be overcome and controlled