Ecosystems

Below is a model of a pond ecosystem that a group of fourth graders are analyzing.

Which of the following best describes the role of the mosquito?

• The mosquito is a consumer because it consumes other insects to live.

• The mosquito is a consumer because it eats dead materials.

• 1. The mosquito is a producer because it makes its own food.

• The mosquito is a decomposer because it eats insects.

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Below is a model of a mountain ecosystem that a group of fourth graders are analyzing.

Which of the following describes the role of the sun?

• To take energy because it absorbs the energy from the plants and animals.

• To decompose energy because it eats dying plants and animals.

• To give energy because it creates food for the plants .

• To give energy because it makes the earth warm for the animals to live in.

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Below is a model of an ocean ecosystem that a group of fourth graders are analyzing.

 The student claims that only consumers are shown in the community. Which of the following pieces of evidence would support this claim?

• There is a living organism in the model that breaks down dead materials.

• 1. There is a living organism in the model that is a predator and eats its prey.

• 1. There is a living organism in the model that makes its own food.

• 1. There is a living organism in the model that grows to be very large.

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Which shows the correct flow of energy between organisms?

• Sun->fish->plant->bear

• Sun->plant->fish->bear

• Bear->fish->plant->sun

• 1. Plant->fish->bear->sun

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Below is a food web. Which best describes the relationship between the berries and the animals?

• 1. The berries act like a consumer and are consumed by the deer, rabbit, and black bear. 

• The berries act like a producer because they provide energy to the deer, rabbit, and black bear when they are eaten.

• 1. The berries act like decomposers because they help the deer, rabbit, and black bear digest their food. 

• The berries act like producers because they are the beginning part of the food web.

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Which statement best describes the correct flow of energy amongst each organism?

• The sun feed the fish, the fish feed the seal and the bird.

• 1. The sun feeds the lobster, the lobster feeds the plants, the plants feed the fish. 

• The sun feeds the fish, the fish feeds the seals and the birds.

• The sun feeds the plants, the plants feed the lobster, the lobster feeds the fish, seal, and bird.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

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1. Analyzing the food web below, what effect would the decline of the black bear population have on the other organisms? Choose all that apply.

• The amount of berries would increase

• The amount of rabbit would increase

• 1. The amount of owls would decrease

• 1. The amount of berries would decrease

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Tomato plants grow in warm weather. If the temperature drops below 32°F for two days in a row, what will most likely happen to the tomato plants?

•  They will die.

  
  

• They will migrate.

  
  

• They will hibernate.

• They will grow faster.

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In the food chain below, if the mouse became extinct, which of the following would happen?

sun → grass → mouse → snake → hawk

• 1. Nothing would change

• 1. The snake would start eating grass.

• 1. The snake would eat the hawk.

• The snake and the hawk might die.

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The graph shows the sizes of two populations. The moose is the prey. The wolf is the predator.

Using the graph, which statement best describes the changes in the ecosystem during 1980?

• 1. When the population of wolves becomes scarce, the population of moose decreases.

• When the population of wolves becomes over-abundant, the population of moose increases.

• 1. When the population of wolves becomes over-abundant, the population of moose decreases.

• When the population of wolves becomes scarce, the population of moose increases.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4