Buffer Solution Basics

What is the definition of a buffer solution?

• A buffer solution is a solution that accelerates changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

• A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

• A buffer solution is a solution that has no effect on pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

• A buffer solution is a solution that only reacts with acid but not base.

Name the two types of buffer solutions.

• Acidic buffer solutions and basic buffer solutions

• Strong buffer solutions and weak buffer solutions

• Neutral buffer solutions and alkaline buffer solutions

• Salt buffer solutions and sugar buffer solutions

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation used for?

• Calculating the pH of a buffer solution

• Predicting reaction rates

• Balancing chemical equations

• Solving quadratic equations

Explain the concept of buffer capacity in a buffer solution.

• Buffer capacity is the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in pH when a strong acid or base is added. It depends on the concentrations of the weak acid and its conjugate base in the solution. The higher the concentrations of these components, the greater the buffer capacity.

• Buffer capacity is determined by the color change observed in the solution.

• Buffer capacity is the ability of a buffer solution to store excess solute particles.

• Buffer capacity is directly proportional to the volume of the buffer solution.

How does the pH of a buffer solution change when a small amount of acid is added?

• The pH of the buffer solution will increase significantly.

• The pH of the buffer solution will remain constant.

• The pH of the buffer solution will decrease slightly.

• The pH of the buffer solution will become neutral.

How does the pH of a buffer solution change when a small amount of base is added?

• The pH of a buffer solution will fluctuate drastically when a small amount of base is added.

• The pH of a buffer solution will remain constant when a small amount of base is added.

• The pH of a buffer solution will increase slightly when a small amount of base is added.

• The pH of a buffer solution will decrease slightly when a small amount of base is added.

What is the main purpose of preparing a buffer solution?

• To dilute the solution

• To resist changes in pH

• To accelerate chemical reactions

• To increase the solubility of a solute

How can a buffer solution resist changes in pH?

• A buffer solution resists changes in pH by containing a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid). When an acid or base is added to the buffer, the equilibrium shifts to consume the added ions, maintaining the pH.

• By being exposed to extreme temperatures

• By having a high concentration of water

• By containing a strong acid and its conjugate base

What are common examples of buffer solutions found in everyday life?

• Milk, soda, vinegar

• Coffee, tea, juice

• Toothpaste, shampoo, soap

• Antacids, blood, cleaning solutions

Describe the process of preparing a buffer solution using a weak acid and its conjugate base.

• Mix a weak acid with its conjugate base in the desired ratio.

• Mix a strong acid with its conjugate base in the desired ratio.

• Combine a weak acid with a strong base to form the buffer solution.

• Dilute the weak acid with water to create the buffer solution.