Ch10 Acid Base Review

A patient admitted for an acute flare up of their IBD has a serum potassium level of 3.4 mEq/L. Which action should the nurse implement FIRST?

• Call the doctor

• Assess the patient for muscle weakness

• Request an ECG for the patient

• Prepare to administer IV potassium

A MedSurg nurse is caring for a patient. Which information should be immediately shared with the physician?

• Sodium 128mEq/L for a patient on peritoneal dialysis

• A patient with fecal impaction who had a hard, formed stool

• Potassium 3.9mEq/L for a patient with diarrhea

• A patient with watery diarrhea of 300 mL volume

A nurse assesses their patient on 4L/min NC with a RR of 23bpm. The ABG shows pH 7.40, PaO2 92 mm Hg, PaCO2 42 mm HG. What should the assigned nurse do next?

• Decrease O2 to 2L/min

• Continue present management

• Increase O2 to 6 L/min

• Encourage the patient to breathe faster

EMS brings in a patient found unresponsive and an empty bottle of NSAIDs in her hand. BP is 102/70, RR is 45 bpm, HR is 118 with no palpable dysrhythmia. Which ABG result would you expect to find for this patient?

• pH 7.69

  PaO2 97 mm Hg

  PaCo2 39 mm Hg

  HCO3 29 mEq/L

• pH 7.48

  PaO2 99 mm Hg

  PaCo2 28 mm Hg

  HCO3 21 mEq/L

• pH 6.97

  PaO2 100 mm Hg

  PaCo2 30 mm Hg

  HCO3 19 mEq/L

• pH 7.59

  PaO2 97 mm Hg

  PaCo2 38 mm Hg

  HCO3 29 mEq/L

A nurse caring for a patient who has vomited for 24 hours. What acid-base imbalances can result from vomiting for 24 hours?

• Respiratory acidosis

• Respiratory alkalosis

• Metabolic acidosis

• Metabolic alkalosis

The nurse assigns a patient the problem of "fluid volume excess" (FVE). Which intervention(s) should be included in the care plan? [SATA]

• Change IV fluid from 0.9% NS to D5W

• Limit sodium in the diet

• Monitor blood glucose

• Prep the patient for dialysis

• Daily weights

A newly admitted patient has a serum sodium level of 112 mEq/L. This nursing intervention is priority?

• Encourage oral intake of fluids

• Administer IV fluid 10% NS

• Administer intranasal antidiuretic hormone

• Place on seizure precautions

A newly admitted patient, who is a resident at a SNF, has the lab results of: Hematocrit 56, Sodium 152, Potassium 5.5. Which of the following is likely the cause?

• Anemia

• Fluid Volume Excess

• Dehydration

• Acute kidney injury

A patient who is post-thyroidectomy tells the nurse they have numbness and tingling around their mouth and their fingertips. Which is the priority nursing intervention for this patient?

• Call the surgeon immediately

• Check serum calcium and magnesium levels

• Tap the cheek about 2cm anterior to the earlobe

• Administer calcium gluconate IVP

A patient is admitted after several bouts of emesis and diarrhea. Which lab test should the nurse monitor?

• phosphorus

• calcium

• potassium

• sodium