Cell Cycle Checkpoints

What are cell cycle checkpoints?

• Cell cycle checkpoints are responsible for producing energy in the cell

• Cell cycle checkpoints are locations within a cell where waste products are stored

• Cell cycle checkpoints are control mechanisms that monitor the progression of a cell through its various stages, ensuring proper DNA integrity and cell size before advancing to the next phase.

• Cell cycle checkpoints are only present in prokaryotic cells

Why are cell cycle checkpoints important in cell division?

• Cell cycle checkpoints are important in cell division to ensure accurate completion of each stage and prevent errors from being passed on to daughter cells.

• Cell cycle checkpoints are designed to promote errors in daughter cells

• Cell cycle checkpoints are only relevant in non-dividing cells

• Cell cycle checkpoints are unnecessary and slow down cell division

How many main checkpoints are there in the cell cycle?

• 6

• 3

• 5

• 4

Explain the role of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle.

• The G1 checkpoint monitors the cell's movement during mitosis

• The G1 checkpoint ensures proper protein folding

• The G1 checkpoint regulates cell division in prokaryotes

• The G1 checkpoint assesses the cell's readiness to progress to the S phase by checking for DNA damage, cell size, and nutrient availability.

What happens if a cell fails the G1 checkpoint?

• Cell may undergo apoptosis

• Cell will divide immediately

• Cell will skip the S phase

• Cell will enter G0 phase

Describe the significance of the S phase checkpoint.

• The S phase checkpoint is responsible for initiating cell division

• The S phase checkpoint ensures proper protein synthesis

• The S phase checkpoint is significant as it prevents the cell from dividing with incomplete or damaged DNA, which could lead to mutations and potential cancer development.

• The S phase checkpoint regulates cell size

What is the purpose of the G2 checkpoint?

• To check for DNA damage before cell division

• To initiate cell division

• To repair damaged organelles

• To regulate gene expression

How does the G2 checkpoint ensure accurate cell division?

• By promoting cell division without any checks

• By randomly selecting cells to proceed to mitosis

• By ignoring DNA replication status

• By checking for DNA damage, ensuring DNA replication is complete, and verifying that the cell is ready to proceed to mitosis.

Explain the role of the M phase checkpoint.

• The M phase checkpoint is responsible for DNA replication.

• The M phase checkpoint ensures proper chromosome alignment and spindle attachment before anaphase.

• The M phase checkpoint controls cell differentiation.

• The M phase checkpoint regulates cell cycle progression during interphase.

What are the consequences of a cell passing the M phase checkpoint with errors?

• Genetic mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and potential cancerous growth

• Increased cell division, enhanced growth, and improved cellular function

• Enhanced cell differentiation, improved metabolic activity, and increased cellular communication

• Decreased cell proliferation, reduced DNA damage, and enhanced repair mechanisms