OOT Basics STQA 5.2

What is encapsulation in OOP?

• Encapsulation in OOP means exposing all data publicly

• Encapsulation in OOP involves using only private methods

• Encapsulation in OOP refers to bundling data and methods into a single unit or class, providing data hiding and abstraction.

• Encapsulation in OOP refers to breaking down data into multiple classes

Explain the concept of inheritance and polymorphism.

• Inheritance is when a class loses properties and behaviors of an existing class.

• Polymorphism allows objects of the same class to have different properties.

• Inheritance is the process of creating new classes without any relation to existing classes.

• Inheritance is the mechanism where a new class acquires properties and behaviors of an existing class. Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.

How do you test object interactions in OOP?

• Create test cases that simulate object interactions by setting up mock objects, using dependency injection, and verifying expected behavior.

• Using random data to trigger object interactions

• Skipping testing object interactions altogether

• Testing object interactions by directly modifying the source code

What is unit testing in OOP and why is it important?

• Unit testing in OOP involves testing individual units or components of code in isolation to ensure they work correctly. It is important because it helps identify bugs early in the development process, improves code quality, facilitates code refactoring, and provides a safety net for future changes.

• Unit testing is not necessary in OOP

• Unit testing is only done after the project is completed

• Unit testing slows down the development process

Differentiate between mocking and stubbing in OOP.

• Mocking simulates behavior, stubbing controls behavior.

• Mocking and stubbing are the same concept.

• Mocking is used for data manipulation, stubbing is used for code execution.

• Mocking controls behavior, stubbing simulates behavior.

Discuss integration testing techniques in OOP.

• Inside-out testing

• Side-to-side testing

• Parallel testing

• Integration testing techniques in OOP include top-down testing, bottom-up testing, and sandwich testing.

Why is encapsulation important in object-oriented programming?

• Encapsulation is important in object-oriented programming because it allows for the bundling of data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on that data into a single unit or class. This helps in achieving data hiding, abstraction, and modularity, making the code more organized, secure, and easier to maintain.

• Encapsulation leads to slower code execution

• Encapsulation makes code less secure

• Encapsulation is not important in object-oriented programming

Give an example of inheritance and polymorphism in OOP.

• Animal -> Dog

• Vehicle -> Car, Vehicle -> Motorcycle

• Fruit -> Apple

• Shape -> Circle

What are some common tools used for unit testing in OOP?

• PyTest

• Cucumber

• TestNG

• JUnit, NUnit, PHPUnit, MSTest

How can mocking help in testing object interactions?

• Mocking has no impact on testing object interactions

• Mocking simulates object behavior to test interactions and isolate code under test.

• Mocking can only be used for UI testing

• Mocking only works for primitive data types