Interaction of Heredity and Environment Quiz

Trinna and Suzanne are identical twins who were the same length at birth. They were adopted by different families at birth and then reconnected in their early thirties. Trinna is two inches shorter and was a severely selective eater as a child. A researcher was conducting an investigation about twins separated at birth. What research method and explanation best fit this scenario?

• • A longitudinal study, because heredity is much more important than environment in determining length and height.

• • A case study, because environment is much more important than heredity in determining length and height.

• • A case study, because both heredity and environment are important in determining length and height.

• • A longitudinal study, because environment is much less important than heredity in determining height in early childhood.

Johnny often hits his brother even though his brother does not do anything to antagonize him. Johnny’s aggression is most likely due to a combination of which of the following factors?

• • his genetic makeup, the fact that aggression can be evolutionary adaptive, and a lack of neuroplasticity

• • the environment he grew up in, developmental delays, and the fact that aggression can be evolutionarily adaptive

• • his genetic makeup, developmental delays, and a lack of neuroplasticity

• • his genetic makeup, the environment he grew up in, and the fact that aggression can be evolutionarily adaptive

Ruth and Debbie are identical twins who were raised by the same family. Vince and Frankie are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised by different families. According to research on the heritability of personality traits, Ruth's and Debbie's personalities are statistically

• • more likely to be similar to one another than are Vince’s and Frankie’s personalities

• • likely to be as similar and dissimilar to one another as are Vince’s and Frankie’s personalities

• • more likely to be dissimilar to one another than are Vince’s and Frankie’s personalities

• • less likely to match on the personality dimensions of agreeableness and extraversion than are Vince and Frankie but not on other personality dimensions

Mark and Matt are twins. A psychologist studies Mark and Matt from birth until their 25th birthday. The psychologist gathers data about their likes and dislikes, extracurricular activities, school success, and doctor visits. The psychologist is interested in the interaction of nature and nurture on their development. Which of the following research methods is the psychologist using to study Mark and Matt?

• • Case Study

• • Experimental method

• • Survey

• • Cross-sectional

• Which of the follow scenarios is the best example of natural selection?

• • During a drought, the foliage in a region turns brown. More brownish moths than whitish moths from a particular breed survive predation and produce more offspring. Subsequent generations of moths have a higher percentage of brownish moths than the generation before.

• • During a hurricane, both brownish and whitish moths are killed in approximately equal numbers by the storm. The population of moths is substantially reduced.

• • Just before the moth breeding season, the weather conditions result in an unusual abundance of food. With so much food, the moth population increases dramatically, regardless of color.

• • An increase in predation substantially reduces the population of adult brownish and whitish moths. Relatively few moths survive to breed, and the population is reduced in the next generation.

Dimitri and Dominic are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised by different families. When they found each other through DNA tracking, they were surprised to see how different they were. Which research method would a psychologist most likely use to document their behavioral differences?

• • Experiment

• • Correlation

• • Case Study

• • Meta-analysis