5A Biomolecules Quiz

Actin is a protein that helps the cell maintain its shape and polarity. It also plays a major role in muscle contraction. A table summarizing the cellular functions of different types of proteins is shown.

• an enzyme protein

• a structural protein

• a messenger protein

• a transport protein

A student athlete wants to choose a drink that will provide quick energy for track practice. Which portion of the label should provide the athlete with information about the amount of quick energy in the drink?

Which table correctly identifies the function of each type of RNA?

• Type of RNA: Transfer RNA - Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes

• Type of RNA: Ribosomal RNA - A component of ribosomes that helps catalyze protein synthesis

• Type of RNA: Messenger RNA - Brings amino acids to growing polypeptides in ribosomes

• Type of RNA: Transfer RNA - A component of ribosomes that helps catalyze protein synthesis

• Type of RNA: Ribosomal RNA - Brings amino acids to growing polypeptides in ribosomes

Which pair of statements best compares the primary functions of the carbohydrate chitin and the protein chitinase?

• The chitin in the exoskeleton provides support and protection for insects.

• The chitinase breaks down chitin for energy to be used by insectivorous bats.

• The chitin in the exoskeleton provides insulation for insects.

• The chitin in the exoskeleton breaks down for energy to be used by insects.

• The chitinase stores genetic material for insectivorous bats.

Which statements best compare a function of proteins and lipids in a human cell?

• Proteins provide energy for cellular processes. Lipids catalyze chemical reactions within the cell.

• Proteins catalyze chemical reactions within the cell. Lipids allow the transport of certain molecules in and out of the cell.

• Proteins allow the transport of certain molecules in and out of the cell. Lipids store genetic information for cells.

• Proteins store genetic information for cells. Lipids provide energy for cellular processes.

¿Qué afirmaciones comparan mejor la función de una molécula de ATP con una molécula de ADN?

• ATP actúa como un catalizador biológico que acelera la tasa de reacciones químicas.

• El ADN actúa como un catalizador biológico que acelera la tasa de reacciones químicas.

• ATP lleva y transmite la información genética de los organismos.

• El ADN lleva y transmite la información genética de los organismos.

• ATP proporciona energía para reacciones químicas en la célula.

A student makes a Venn diagram to compare the functions of carbohydrates and lipids.

• Hormone production

• Structural support of cell walls

• Energy storage

• Catalyst for chemical reactions

Which list correctly matches the functions to the types of carbohydrates?

• Energy: chitin and glycogen

• Energy: glycogen and starch

• Structure: glycogen and starch

• Structure: cellulose and chitin

• Energy: cellulose and chitin

Transmembrane proteins span the width of cell membranes. Four types of transmembrane proteins are shown in a section of cell membrane. Although these proteins have different specific functions, they all —

• stop chemical reactions within the cell

• synthesize molecules that signal other cells

• help the cell interact with its external environment

• remove large waste particles from the cytoplasm of the cell

What biomolecules help animals retain heat?

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids