Proteins and DNA vs RNA

What is the primary structure of a protein?

• The arrangement of secondary structures in a protein.

• The three-dimensional shape of a protein.

• The unique sequence of amino acids in a protein.

• The total number of protein molecules in a cell.

How are amino acids linked in the primary structure?

• Amino acids are linked by disulfide bridges.

• Amino acids are linked by ionic bonds.

• Amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds.

• Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds.

What characterizes the secondary structure of proteins?

• Random sequences of amino acids without any specific structure.

• Regular patterns of folding or coiling, such as alpha helices and beta sheets, stabilized by hydrogen bonds.

• Irregular shapes that do not involve hydrogen bonding.

• Only the presence of disulfide bridges and ionic bonds.

Name two types of secondary structures found in proteins.

• Zeta strand and epsilon twist

• Gamma coil and delta loop

• Theta fold and lambda helix

• Alpha helix and beta sheet

What interactions stabilize the tertiary structure of a protein?

• Covalent bonds, gravitational forces, and thermal energy.

• Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bridges.

• Peptide bonds, van der Waals forces, and magnetic interactions.

• Hydrophobic bonds, nuclear forces, and electrostatic repulsion.

How does the tertiary structure differ from the secondary structure?

• The tertiary structure is the overall 3D shape of a protein, while the secondary structure consists of local folded structures.

• The tertiary structure is only found in enzymes.

• The secondary structure is the overall 3D shape of a protein, while the tertiary structure consists of local folded structures.

• The tertiary structure is a linear sequence of amino acids.

What is quaternary protein structure?

• The quaternary protein structure is the sequence of amino acids in a single polypeptide chain.

• The quaternary protein structure refers to the folding of a single polypeptide into a three-dimensional shape.

• The quaternary protein structure is the chemical bonds between amino acids in a protein.

• The quaternary protein structure is the arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains into a functional protein complex.

Give an example of a protein with quaternary structure.

• Hemoglobin

• Insulin

• Collagen

• Myoglobin

What are the main differences between DNA and RNA?

• DNA contains ribose sugar while RNA contains deoxyribose sugar

• DNA is single-stranded while RNA is double-stranded

• Both DNA and RNA use thymine as a base

• DNA is double-stranded while RNA is single-stranded; DNA contains deoxyribose sugar while RNA contains ribose sugar; DNA uses thymine, whereas RNA uses uracil.

Which sugar is found in DNA and which in RNA?

• Deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA.

• Glucose in DNA and fructose in RNA.

• Ribose in DNA and deoxyribose in RNA.

• Mannose in DNA and galactose in RNA.