Basic Chemistry Quiz

What is the general form of a chemical reaction?

• Reactants ↔ Products

• Reactants → Products

• Reactants + Products → Energy

• Products → Reactants

Describe the trend in atomic radius across a period in the periodic table.

• The atomic radius fluctuates randomly across a period.

• The atomic radius decreases across a period.

• The atomic radius increases across a period.

• The atomic radius remains constant across a period.

What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?

• Strong acids are always more concentrated than weak acids.

• Weak acids have a higher pH than strong acids.

• Strong acids do not conduct electricity in solution.

• Strong acids fully dissociate in solution; weak acids partially dissociate.

State the first law of thermodynamics.

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

• Energy can only be created from matter.

• Energy can be created and destroyed.

• Energy is always conserved in a closed system.

What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

• A catalyst speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy.

• A catalyst changes the products of a chemical reaction.

• A catalyst is a substance that is consumed in a chemical reaction.

• A catalyst slows down a chemical reaction by increasing the activation energy.

How does electronegativity change down a group in the periodic table?

• Electronegativity decreases down a group.

• Electronegativity increases down a group.

• Electronegativity fluctuates randomly down a group.

• Electronegativity remains constant down a group.

Explain the Bronsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases.

• The Bronsted-Lowry theory defines acids as substances that can neutralize bases.

• Acids are substances that increase the pH of a solution, while bases decrease it.

• The Bronsted-Lowry theory states that acids are proton donors and bases are proton acceptors.

• Acids are electron donors and bases are electron acceptors.

What is enthalpy and how is it related to thermodynamics?

• Enthalpy is unrelated to energy changes in thermodynamics.

• Enthalpy is a measure of total heat content in a system, related to thermodynamics as it helps analyze energy changes in processes.

• Enthalpy only applies to gases and not to liquids or solids.

• Enthalpy is the measure of pressure in a system.

Define isomers in organic chemistry.

• Isomers are compounds with different molecular formulas.

• Isomers are always identical in structure and properties.

• Isomers are compounds that cannot exist in the same environment.

• Isomers in organic chemistry are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements.

What is the significance of the octet rule in chemical bonding?

• The octet rule is significant because it explains the stability of atoms in chemical bonding and helps predict molecular structure.

• The octet rule states that atoms can only bond with other atoms of the same element.

• The octet rule is only applicable to noble gases and has no relevance to other elements.

• The octet rule describes the color of chemical compounds rather than their stability.