U3: Cell Processes and Transport: Mastery Test

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. Sodium and potassium ions are essential for muscle contractions of the heart. The ions are transported using a pump, which obtains energy by the breaking of [ADP/ATP/Calcium]. This action requires the expense of energy. So, sodium and potassium ions are transported using [active transport/diffusion/osmosis].

• ATP

• ADP

• diffusion

• Calcium

• active transport

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. Neurons and muscle cells perform different functions. In the body, these cells have the same [genetic makeup/protein content/structure]. The function of muscle cells is [to form the inner lining of organs/movement/to support and hold organs in place] while the function of neurons is to send nerve signals.

• to form the inner lining of organs

• genetic makeup

• protein content

• movement

• structure

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. The backbone of DNA and RNA is composed of:

• sugar and phosphate groups

• lipid and carbonate groups

• base and nitrate groups

DNA is double stranded due to interactions between adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, which are:

• sugars

• phosphates

• bases

Uracil is a:

• base found in DNA

• base found in RNA

• sugar found in RNA

• sugar found in DNA

Order the steps of protein synthesis.

• Initiation

• Elongation

• Termination

• Folding

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Compared to its surroundings, the concentration of solutes is low inside a cell. So, the cell is in a _______ solution. A particular solute in this cell uses energy for its transport from the cell to its surroundings. This type of transport is called _______ transport.

• hypertonic

• active

• hypotonic

• isotonic

• diffusion

Match the function to the type of tissue.

• sends signals between the brain and body

• allows shivering to produce heat to maintain body temperature

• protects the skin from bacteria and other particles

• provides structural support for the organs

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Drag each label to the correct location. Three cells are placed in three solutions of different concentrations. Determine the concentration of the solutions based on the predominant movement of water molecules through the cells.

• Isotonic

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

Which image of an everyday item most closely resembles the structure of DNA?

• spiral staircase

• string lights

• bowtie pasta

• sandwich